C

C, Roman number 100 (C or c); [Mus.] first
note of natural MAJOR scale. (si:).

cab, n. Public carriage; part of
engine of train for driver. '-man, '-by, nn. Cab
driver. 'c.-rank, 'c.-stand, nn. (Place
for) line of waiting cabs. (kab).

ca'bal, n. Group of persons having secret
(sp., political) designs. ca'b(b)ala, n.
Secret Jewish teachings. (kə'bal).

'cabaret, n. Songs, dances, etc. given as
amusement in restaurants. ('kabərei).

'cabbage, n. Sorts of plant with round
head of leaves, used for food. ('kabidʒ).

'cabin, n. Small roughly-made house;
room in a ship, airship, sp. for sleeping.
'c.-boy, n. Boy servant on ship. '-ed, a.
Shut up, kept in a small space. ('kabin).

'cabinet, n. Private room; cupboard with
shelves for ornaments etc.; the body
of MINISTERS controlling government. C.
photograph, one 5 1/2 inches high, 4 wide.
'c.-maker, n. Expert joiner. ('kabinit).

'cable, 1. n. Strong thick chain or cord,
freq. of wire; c. put down under land or
sea for telegrams or telephone; (as
measure) 100 FATHOMS. 2. v.i.&t. Send
telegram by c. '-gram, n. Cabled telegram.
('keibl).

ca'boose, n. Cooking-place in a ship;
[Am.] end carriage of train
for train man. (kə'bu:s).

cabrio'let, n. 2-wheeled, one-horse
carriage. (kabriou'lei).

ca'cao, n. (Dark brown seed of) tree from
which COCOA and chocolate are made.
(kə'keiou).

cache, v.t., n. (Get) food etc. stored in secret
place for use later. (kaʃ).

'cachet, n. Special mark (as sign of quality,
etc.). ('kaʃei).

cachin'nation, n. Loud laugh. (kaki'neiʃn).

ca'chou, n. Small sweet used to take away
bad smell from breath. (ka'ʃu:).

'cackle, n., v.i. Noise made by fowl after
producing an egg; foolish talk; loud
laugh. ('kakl).

ca'cophony, n. Sound DISCORD.
(kə'kɔfəni).

'cactus, n. Sorts of plant in dry countries,
with thick stems covered with sharp
points, and no leaves. ('kaktəs).

cad, n. Person of low behaviour. (kad).

ca'daverous, a. Looking like a dead person.
(kə'davərəs).

'caddie, n. One taking bag of sticks for
players at GOLF. ('kadi).

'caddy, n. Small box for tea. ('kadi).

'cadence, n. Rhythm in sound; the going up
and down of voice in talking. ('keidəns).

ca'det, n. Younger son in family; learner
in military etc. college. (kə'det).

cadge, v.i.&t. Make attempts to get
money out of friends, etc., in a low way;
get by cadging. (kadʒ).

'cadi, n. Arab or Turkish judge. ('ka:di).

'cadmium, n. A tin-like metal. ('kadmiəm).

'caecum, n. First part of greater INTESTINE.
('si:kəm).

'Caesar, n. Any Rom. Emperor. ('si:zə).

cae'sura, n. Natural stop in verse-line.
(si'zjuərə).

'café, n. Small restaurant. ('kafei).

cafe'teria, n. Restaurant where persons
get food on tray and take it to table
themselves. (kafə'ti:riə).

'caffeine, n. The special chemical substance
in coffee and tea. ('kafii:n).

'caftan, n. Man's long dress with band
round middle, used in Asia. ('kaftən).

cage, 1. n. Prison of wire or with rods
across front, for animals; lift in mine.
2. v.t. Put in a c. (keidʒ).

cairn, n. Pointed mass of rough stones as
landmark etc. (keən).

'caisson, n. Watertight vessel used in
building under water; chest, cart, for
powder etc. for guns. ('keisn).

'caitiff, [Old] n. One running from danger,
false-hearted. ('keitif).

ca'jole, v.t. Get (person) to do something
by soft words or a trick. (kə'dʒoul).

cake, 1. n. Sorts of sweet bread, freq. with
fruit etc. in it; amount of this cooked
as unit; flat solid mass of anything.
2. v.t.&i. Make, get, into solid masses.
Caked with, thickly covered with. (keik).

'calabash, n. (Sorts of tree with) great fruit
whose hard outer skin is used as vessel;
such vessel; tobacco-pipe of c. ('kaləbaʃ).

ca'lamity, n. Shocking event, serious
trouble. (kə'lamiti).

calceo'laria, n. Plant with small, bag-like
flower. (kalsiə'leəriə).

'calcify, v.t.&i. Make, become, hard by
turning into, forming, LIME. ('kalsifai).

'calcine, v.t.&i. Make, be made, into
QUICKLIME or powder by heating, burning.
('kalsain).

'calcium, n. Yellow metal chemically
forming part of LIME. ('kalsiəm).

'calculate, v.t.&i. Get worked out by.
mathematics; come to decision as to
probable effects, events, by balancing
reasons etc. 'calculable, a. Sp., of which
one may be certain by reasoning before
the event. '-d, a. Designed (to do).
'calculating, a. Sp., (of person) designing,
moved only by self-interest.
calcu'lation, n. ('kalkjuleit).

'calculus, n. [Math.] Special system of
doing certain CALCULATIONS; [Med.]
stone in some part of body. ('kalkjuləs).

Cale'donian, a. Of Scotland.
(kali'dounjən).

'calendar, n. System by which the
divisions of the year are fixed; list of
days, months, etc., of given year.
('kalində).

'calender, 1. n. Roller-machine for smoothing
cloth etc. 2. v.t. Put through c.
('kalində).

calf (calves), n. Back part of person's leg
between knee and foot. (ka:f (ka:vz)).

calf (calves), n. Young of cow family and
certain other animals; calfskin. In, with,
c., sp., about to calve. 'c.-love, n. Love of
young, unexperienced person. '-skin,
n. Leather from skin of young cow. calve,
v.i. Give birth to c.

'calibre, n. Inside measure across pipe or
gun; person's general quality, as strong
or feeble. 'calibrate, v.t. Get c. of (gun
etc.) measured, made right. ('kalibə).

calico, n. Cheap cotton cloth. ('kalikou).

'caliph, n. Head of Mohammedan religion.
'-ate, n. Caliph's position. ('keilif).

calk, 1. n. Sharp iron in horse-shoe, boot,
to keep from slipping. 2. v.t. Put c(c). on.
(kɔ:k).

call, 1. v.i.&t. Say something in a loud
voice (to person at a distance); get to
come, sp. by calling; make short stop
at place; get (person) awake; give (name)
to. C. attention to, get attention for; c.
for, sp., make necessary; c. forth, be
cause of (protest, etc.); c. in question,
put forward doubts about; c. (person)
names, give unpleasing names to, in
talking to or about; c. off, sp., c. away;
give up (undertaking etc.); c. on, make a
request to for, to do; go to see (person); c..
out, sp., give a loud cry; c. to account, make
give reasons for behaviour; c. (meeting
etc.) to order, make request for order,
attention; c. to the bar, make a BARRISTER;
c. to witness, c. on for support of
statement etc.; c. up, sp., c. to take up
arms; get in touch with on telephone.
2. n. Loud cry; bird's cry; notes sounded
as military order etc.; a calling, being
called up, by telephone; request to
come; short stop to
see a person (pay a
c.). Have a close c.,
be in great danger
but come out safely;
within c., in hearing
distance. 'c.-boy, n.
Boy who calls actors
to come on stage.
'-er, n. Sp., person
calling on someone.
'-ing, n. Sp., one's
work, trade. (kɔ:l).

cal'ligraphy, n.
(Beautiful) hand-writing.
(kə'ligrəfi).

'calliper, a., n. Only c.
compasses or cc., instrument
for measuring across things of
round form, as pipes etc. ('kalipə).

callis'thenics, n. pl. Physical training for
the development of strong, beautiful
bodies. (kalis'θeniks).

'callous, a. (Of skin, etc.) hard, horn-like;
(of persons) without feeling for others,
hard. 'call(o)us, n. Bit of c. skin.
('kaləs).

'callow, a. Without experience, young.
('kalou).

calm, 1. a. Quiet, untroubled; without
wind. 2. v.t. Make c. C. down, make,
become, c. again. 3. n. C. condition,
time. (ka:m).

'calomel, n. Medical substance for clearing
waste from body. ('kaləmel).

'calorie, [Sc.] n. Unit of heat. ('kaləri).

'calumny, n. False damaging statement
about person. ca'lumniate (ka'lʌmnieit),
v.t. Make c(c). about. ('kaləmni).

calve. See CALF.

'calyx (-es, calyces), n. Ring of leaves
forming cover of unopen flower.
('keiliks ('keilisi:z)).

cam, n. Part coming out from wheel, etc.,
in machine, used for changing motion in
a circle into motion of another sort.
(kam).

cama'raderie, [F.] n. good feeling, as
between friends. (kamə'ra:dəri).

'camber, 1. n. Arched form of road etc.
2. v.t. Make in form of c. ('kambə).

'Cambrian, n., a. (Person) of Wales.
('kambriən).

'cambric, n. Very thin linen. ('keimbrik).

came. See COME.

'camel, n. Long-necked animal of sand
wastes with one or two HUMPS on back.
('kaməl).

ca'mellia, n. Sort of flowering evergreen.
(kə'mi:liə).

'cameo, n. Stone cut back to make design
at higher level, freq. of different colour,
used as jewel. ('kamiou).

'camera, n. Apparatus for making pictures
by letting light through small
opening onto FILM etc. ('kaməra).

'camisole, n. Woman's underdress for
top part of body. ('kamisoul).

'camomile, n. Sweet-smelling plant used
medically. ('karnoumail).

'camouflage, 1. n. [Mil.] painting of guns,
ships etc., in different colours, covering
them with smoke, etc., to make them
hard to see; something done to make
thing seem other than it is. 2. v.t. Keep
from view by c. ('kamufla:ʒ).

camp, 1. n. Place where persons (sp.
military) are living under canvas. 2. v.i.
Make, be living in, a c.; c.-bed, c.-chair,
-stool, nn. Folding ones. (kamp).

cam'paign, 1. n. Military operations on
one front in a war; any group of operations
having a common organization and
purpose, sp. political. 2. v.i. Take part
in a c. (kam'pein).

campa'nile, n. Tall structure housing
bells. (kampə'ni:li).

'camphor, n. White substance with strong
smell, used medically and to keep clothing
free from insects. ('kamfə).

'campus, [Am.] n. Land about which university
buildings are grouped. ('kampəs).

can, 1. n. Metal vessel for liquids, gen.
covered. 2. [Am.] v.t. Get (food)
tinned. (kan).

can (could), v. Be able to; may. (kud).

ca'nal, n. Transport waterway cut
through land; pipe in animal or plant
body for food, air, etc. 'canalize, v.t.
Make (river) into canal; (of interests
etc.) give fixed direction to. (kə'nal).

ca'nard, [F.] n. False bit of news.
(kə'na:d).

ca'nary, n. Small yellow songbird, freq.
kept in house; colour of a c.; wine from
the C. Islands. (kə'neəri).

'cancel, v.t.&i. Take out (word etc.)
by putting line through; undo (what
has been done), make of no effect.
('kansəl).

'cancer, n. Diseased growth in the body,
freq. causing death. ('kansə).

cande'labrum (candelabra), n. Branched
support for lights. (kandi'la:brəm).

'candid, a. Open in behaviour, straightforward.
('kandid).

'candidate, n. One offering himself for
position, going in for test, etc. 'candidature,
n. Being a c. ('kandidit).

'candle, n. Stick of wax or other substance
formed round cotton cord, for
giving light. Cannot, is not fit to, hold a
c. to, is far from being as good as; the
game is not worth the c., there is not
enough reward in this. 'c.-power, n.
Unit of light-measure. '-stick, n. Support
for candle. ('kandl).

'candour, n. Quality of being open,
straightforward. ('kandə).

'candy, 1. n. Sugar made hard by boiling
again and again; [Am.] sweet(s). 2. v.t.&i.
Put coating of sugar on; get formed
into sugar CRYSTALS. ('kandi).

cane, n. Stems of tall grasses etc., as
material; stick of c., sp., for punishment
at school; thin walking-stick. (kein).

'canine, 1. a. Of dogs. C. tooth, c. 2. n.
Pointed tooth, third from middle (freq. c.
tooth). ('keinain).

'canister, n. Small box for tea etc.
('kanistə).

'canker, 1. n. Sorts of disease (of mouth,
horse's foot, animal's ear, trees);
tendency etc., causing slow destruction.
2. v.t. Be a c. to. ('kaŋkə).

'cannibal, n. Man or animal living on
others of same sort. ('kanibi).

'cannon, n. Great gun fixed on base.
'c.-ball, n. Ball for firing from cannon.
-'ade, n. Cannon fire going on without
stopping. ('kanən).

'cannon, v.i. (Of BILLIARD ball) go against
2 balls one after the other; go
violently (against, into) without stopping.

'canny, a. Wise, sharp, sp., about money.
('kani).

ca'noe, 1.
Go in c. (kə'nu:).

'canon, n. Church order; general rule by
which something is judged; list of BIBLE
books having approval of Church; one
of body of churchmen forming part of
organization of CATHEDRAL. ca'nonical,
a. ca'nonicals, n. pl. Dress of Christian
PRIESTS. '-ize, v.t. Put into list of SAINTS
or in canon of BIBLE. ('kanən).

'cañon, n. CANYON. ('kanjən).

'canopy, 1. n. Cloth stretched over person,
seat, etc., as root; small overhanging
roof. 2. v.t. Give, be, c. to. ('kanəpi).

cant, 1. n. Sloping position. 2. v.t.&i.
Give, have, a c. (kant).

cant, n. SLANG of special groups; high-sounding,
hollow talk, sp. about religion.

can't. CAN not. (ka:nt).

'cantaloup, n. Sort of MELON.
('kantəlu:p).

can'tankerous, a. Bad-humoured.
(kan'tankərɔs).

can'tata, [Mus.] n. Music for group of
voices in opera form but not acted.
(kan'ta:tə).

can'teen, n. Store of army station or other
organization, marketing food and drink;
military tood-tin or water-bottle; box
of table-silver. (kan'ti:n).

'canter, 1. n. (Of horse) slow GALLOP.
2. v.t.&i. (Make) go at a c. ('kantə).

'canticle, n. Church song. ('kantikl).

'cantilever, n. Long arm-like structure
coming out from wall etc., as support.
('kantili:və).

'canto, n. One of chief divisions of a long
work in verse. ('kantou).

can'tonment, n. Military station, sp.
in India. (kan'tu:nmənt).

'canvas, n. Rough strong cloth used for
sails etc.; an oil-painting. Under c., in
TENTS; with sails up. ('kanvəs).

'canvass, 1. v.i.&t. Go from person
to person to get business, support for political
representative,
etc.: get the
opinions of. 2. n.
A canvassing.
('kanvəs).

'canyon, n. Deep
cut between
mountains.
('kanjən).

cap, 1. n. Man's or
boy's soft head-cover;
special square head-dress of universities;
servant's, old woman's, indoor
head-dress; c.-likc cover, top; small
hollow round of paper, metal, full of
gunpowder, used in guns. C. and bells,
sign of JESTER; c. and, gown, university
dress; set one's c. at, make attempts at
attraction of. 2. v.t. Put c. on; do, say,
something better than (something done,
said). (kap).

'capable, a. Able. C. of, having power for.
capa'bility, n. Cc., qualities etc. waiting
for development. ('keipəbl).

ca'pacity, n. Amount of room in a thing;
power of mind. C. for, sp., power of experiencing;
in the c. of, as being a.
ca'pacious, a. Having much room.
(kə'pasiti).

cap-à-'pie, adv. From head to foot (gen.
armed c.). (kapə'pi:).

ca'parison [Old] n. Ornamented leather,
cloth, for horse: arms and dress of
fighter. (kə'parisn).

cape, n. Loose coat without arms; short,
c.-like addition to coat. (keip).

cape, n. Headland.

'caper, n. Sort of tree-like plant; unopen
flower of this put in VINEGAR. ('keipa).

'caper, v.i., n. Give jump(s) like young
goat; foolish way of acting. Cut cc., c.

ca'pillary, a., n. Thin, hair-like (pipe,
blood-vessel). C. attraction, that pulling
liquid up into c. pipes. (kə'piləri).

'capital, 1. a. Being the seat of government
; chief; first-rate. C. letter, great
letter, such as A; c. punishment,
punishment by death. 2. n. C. town; c. letter;
head of PILLAR (see ACANTHUS); the money
with which a business is started; money
stored up and used to make more money;
owners of this as a group. Make c. out of,
make good use of as argument etc.
'-ist, n. Person using or having (sp.
much) capital. '-ism, n. Control of
industry, trade, by capitalists. '-ize,
v.t. Make use of as capital; get money
for present value of (income, property);
put as capital letter(s). ('kapiti).

'Capitol, n. TEMPLE of Jupiter in Rome;
[U.S.] CONGRESS House. ('kapitl).

ca'pitulate, v.i. Give way. (kə'pitjuleit).

'capon, n. Male fowl, sp. one made fat for
table. ('keipən).

ca'price, n. Sudden unreasoning idea or
change of mind; tendency to cc.; short
work of music, free in form. (kə'pri:s).

'capsicum, n. Sorts of plant whose seed-vessels
have burning taste; powdered
c. seeds, put on food. ('kapsikəm).

cap'size, v.t.&i. Get, be, overturned (sp.
of boat). (kap'saiz).

'capstan, n. Upright roller turned by
hand, steam, etc., for pulling in ship's
cords, lifting sails, etc. ('kapstən).

'capsule, n. Seed-box of plant (see POPPY);
jelly cover for medical substance.
('kapsju:l).

'captain, 1. n. Chief, head man, sp., on
ship; man having position in army over
LIEUTENANT, and in sea force over
COMMANDER. 2. v.t. Be acting as c. of.
('kaptin).

'caption, n. Heading; words seen with
motion picture making clear what is
taking place. ('kapʃən).

'captious, a. (Given to) making protests,
trouble, about small points. ('kapʃəs).

'captivate, v.t. Overcome by attractions.
('kaptiveit).

'captive, n., a. (Person, animal) made a
prisoner, unable to get away. 'captor,
n. One making captive. ('kaptiv).

'capture, 1. v.t. Make (person etc.)
prisoner; take (town etc.). 2. n. Capturing;
person or thing captured. ('kaptʃə).

car, n. Automobile; electric street-train;
part of airship etc. for persons; [Am.]
railway-carriage; [Let.] carriage. (ka:).

ca'rafe, n. Table water-bottle. (kə'ra:f).

'caramel, n. Burned sugar for colouring
alcohol etc.; sort of sweet. ('karəmel).

'carapace, n. Top hard cover of TORTOISE,
LOBSTER etc. ('karəpeis).

'carat, n. Unit of weight for jewels; unit
of quality for gold. ('karət).

cara'van, n. (In E.) group journeying
together to keep off attack; house on
wheels. '-serai (karə'vansərai), n.
Resting-place for caravans in E.
(karə'van).

'caraway, n. Plant with small fruit ('c.-seed)
used in cakes. ('karəwei).

'carbide, n. Substance made of CARBON
united with another substance; c. of
CALCIUM, forming with water a gas used
for lighting. ('ka:baid).

'carbine, n. Short military gun used sp.
by horseman. ('ka:bain).

car'bolic 'acid, n. Acid used in cleaning
drains etc., and for medical purposes.
(ka:'bɔlik 'asid).

'carbon, n. A chemically simple substance,
not a metal, forming chief part of coal;
copy made with c.-paper. '-ate, n. Salt of
CARBONIC acid. car'bonic, a. C. acid,
gas formed in burning of carbon. -'iferous,
a. Coal-producing. '-ize, v.t. Make
into carbon. 'c.-paper, n. Paper with
carbon or other coloured substance on it,
used in copying letters etc. ('ka:bən).

'carboy, n. Great, round, glass bottle,
freq. with basketwork cover. ('ka:bɔi).

'carbuncle, n. Red jewel cut in round
form; red skin-TUMOUR. ('ka:bʌŋkl).

carbu'rettor, n. Apparatus for getting
air and PETROL gas mixed in automobile
engine. (ka:bju'retə).

'carcass, n. Dead body of animal; body,
as of little value. ('ka:kəs).

card, 1. n. Toothed instrument or wire
brush for combing wool etc. 2. v.t. Make
use of c. on. (ka:d).

card, n. Thick, stiff paper; bit of c., sp.
giving person's name etc.; any one of
the 52 playing-cc.; [Hum.] person causing
amusement by his ways, sayings.
Cc., sp., c.-playing; on the cc., sp., possible
or probable; put one's cc. on the table, sp.,
make clear one's designs. '-board, n.
Thick card for boxes etc. 'c.-sharper,
n. Person making living by tricking
others at cards.

'cardamom, n. Strong-tasting seeds of
E.-Indian plant. ('ka:dəməm).

'cardiac, a. Of the heart. ('ka:diak).

'cardigan, n. Short wool coat. ('ka:digən).

'cardinal, 1. a. On which something is
dependent, chief. C. numbers, one, two
etc. 2. n. Any of the 70 high authorities
of the R.-C. Church having special red
dress and hat; deep bright red; c.
number. ('ka:dinəl).

care, 1. n. Troubled feeling, sp. about the
future or something for which one is responsible;
thing causing c.; attention,
trouble (in doing something). Take c., be
on the watch (for danger); take c. of, see
to the safe-keeping, comfort, etc., of.
2. v.i. Have interest, feeling (for, about).
C. for, sp., take c. of; c. to do, have a
desire to do; I don't c., it's nothing to
me; if he cares (he doesn't c.) a rap, straw
etc., if he cares (be doesn't c.) at all.
'-free, a. Having no cares. '-ful, a.
Taking care; done with care. '-less, a.
Taking no care; full of en-ors. 'c.-taker,
n. Person taking care of house while
owner is away. '-worn, a. (Of face)
marked by trouble. (keə).

ca'reen, v.t.&i. Get (ship) turned on its
side for cleaning, etc.; go over on one
side. (kə'ri:n).

ca'reer, 1. n. Events of one's history; the
business, etc., one takes up; process of
careering (in full, mid, c.). 2. v.i. Go
quickly or violently. '-ist, n. Person
desiring more than anything to get to
the top. (kə'riə).

ca'ress, v.t., n. (Give) kiss, loving touch.
(kə'res).

'caret, n. Sign (^) used for marking place
in writing where something has to be
put in. ('karət).

'cargo, n. Goods taken on ship. ('ka:gou).

'caribou, n. N.-Am. REINDEER. ('karibu:).

'carica'ture, v.t., n. (Make) picture etc. of
(person) which gives amusement by
strongly marking certain points.
('karikə'tjuə).

'caries, n. Diseased condition of tooth or
bone. ('keərii:z).

ca'rillon, n. Group of bells on which
music may be played. (kə'riljən).

'carking, a. Only c. care, troubling care.
('ka:kiŋ).

'carmine, a., n. Deep red (colour, colouring
material). ('ka:main).

'carnage, n. A putting to death of a great
number of persons. ('ka:nidʒ).

'carnal, a. Of the body. ('ka:nəl).

car'nation, 1. n. Sorts of flower with
sweet smell. 2. a. Light red. (ka:'neiʃn).

car'nelian, n. CORNELIAN. (ka:'ni:ljən).

'carnival, n. Public pleasure-making.
('ka:nivl).

car'nivorous, a. Living on meat.
(ka:'nivərəs).

'carol, n., v.i. Happy, sp. Christmas,
song; song of birds. ('karəl).

ca'rouse, v.i., n. (Take part in) much
drinking and pleasure. (kə'rauz).

carp, n. Sort of inland water fish. (ka:p).

carp, v.i. Make unnecessary trouble
about small points.

'carpenter, 1. n. Woodworker, sp. on
buildings etc. 2. v.i. Do work of a c.
'carpentry, n. Such work. ('ka:pintə).

'carpet, 1. n. Floor-cover of wool or hair.
On the c., under discussion. 2. v.t.
Put c. on. 'c.-bag, n. Bag for journeys,
made of carpet. ('ka:pit).

'carriage, n. Cart for persons, sp. 4-wheeled
one for private use; railway
COACH or COMPARTMENT; (price of) the
transport of goods; position of body in
walking, etc. C. forward, having payment
for c. to be made at end of journey.
'c.-and-'pair, n. Carriage with 2 horses.
('karidʒ).

'carrier, n. See CARRY.

'carrion, n. Dead bodies going bad;
something disgusting, dirty. c.-crow, n.
Sort living on carrion, animals. ('kariən).

'carrot, n. Plant, with long orange-red
root used as food. Cc., [Hum.] (person
with) red hair. ('karət).

'carry, v.t.&i. Be supporting and transporting;
give support to; give transport
to; (of pipes etc.) take; keep (one's head,
body) in certain position; get agreement
for (point, motion); (of sound) go. C. all
before one, overcome everything in one's
way; c. forward, sp., (in accounts) take
(amount) on from one page to another; c.
it off, get through it all right; c. on, sp.,
go, keep, on; be manager of (business);
[Hum.] be acting violently, foolishly; be
acting as lover (with); c. the day, overcome
in fight, etc.; c. through, sp., take
to the end; c. out, sp., give effect to.
'carrier, n. Sp., person transporting parcels
for payment; structure on back of
automobile etc. for boxes. ('kari).

cart, 1. n. Wheeled structure, gen. pulled
by horse(s), for transpprting goods. Put
c. before horse, get things the wrong way
round, take effect for cause etc. 2. v.t.
Take in a c. '-age, n. (Price of) carting.
'-er, n. One whose business is carting.
'c.-wbeel, n. Sp., a turning over side
ways with body supported first on one
hand, then on the other. (ka:t).

'carte 'blanche, [F.] Full authority to do
what is desired, seems best. ('ka:t 'bla:nʃ).

'cartel, n. Trading group formed by producers
to keep up prices. ('ka:tel).

'cartilage, n. (Structure of) strong elastic
substance in animal bodies. carti-'laginous,
a. ('ka:tilidʒ).

cartography, n. Map-making.
(ka:'tɔgrəfi).

'carton, n. Cardboard box. ('ka:tn).

car'toon, n., v. Picture making sport of
current events etc.; design on card for
painting etc. (ka:'tu:n).

'cartridge, n. Gunpowder, with SHOT or
ball, in small
cover, for firing
from gun. Blank
c., c. without
SHOT or ball. 'c.-belt,
n. One for
putting cartridges
in. 'c.-paper, n. Thick, rough
paper for letter-covers. ('ka:tridʒ).

carve, v.t.&i. Get (meat) cut up for the
table; get (design, form etc.) cut in, on,
or out of wood etc.; get (thing, substance)
ornamented by carving. '-r, n. Sp.,
knife for carving meat. Cc., carving
knife and fork. 'carving, n. Something
carved on wood etc. (ka:v).

cary'atid, n. A support in a building in
form of a woman. (kari'atid).

cas'cade, n. Small waterfall; one part of
stepped waterfall. (kas'keid).

case, n. Example of a thing's taking place;
person under care of medical man; condition,
position, of things; [Law] question
coming before COURT for decision;
the arguments on one side of law c.;
GRAMMATICAL relation of n., pron., a.;
word-form making this clear. In c., if, in
view of the chance that; in that c., if that
is so; is (not) the c., is (not) true. 'c.-law,
n. Law based on earlier cases. (keis).

case, 1. n. Box, bag, or special cover for
something. 2. v.t. Get covered (with, in)
as if by c. c.-hardened, a. (Of person)
made hard by experience. 'casing, n.
Wood, metal etc. put round something.

'casein, n. Body-building substance in
cheese and milk. ('keisiin).

'casement, n. Window opening out like
a door. ('keismənt).

cash, 1. n. Money, sp., ready money. C. on
delivery, (of goods) (sent) on condition
that payment is made at the door;
c. register, automatic payment recorder
used in stores etc. 2. v.t. Give or get c.
for (cheque etc.). -'ier (ka'ʃia), n. Person
having care of cash in bank or store.
(kaʃ).

ca'shew, n. E.- and W.-Ind. tree; its nut.
(ka'ʃu:).

ca'shier, v.t. Send out of the army as
punishment. (ka'ʃiə).

'cashmere, n. Soft goat's-wool cloth.
('kaʃmiə).

ca'sino, n. Public building for music,
dancing, card-playing. (kə'si:nou).

cask, n. Wine etc. BARREL. (ka:sk).

'casket, n. Small, freq. ornamented, box
for jewels etc. ('ka:skit).

casque, [Hist.] n. Military head-dress
of metal. (ka:sk).

cas'sava, n. W.-Ind. plant; c. meal.
(kə'sa:və).

'casserole, n. Vessel in which food is
cooked and sent to table. ('kasəroul).

'cassia, n. Sort of CINNAMON. ('kasiə).

'cassock, n. Long tight-bodied dress of certain
churchmen (see SURPLICE). ('kasək).

'cassowary, n. Sorts of great bird without
power of flight. ('kasəweəri).

cast (cast), 1. v.t.&i. Send with force
through air or down to earth; give
(VOTE); send (look, light, etc., in certain
direction); get (liquid metal etc.)
formed in MOULD; make (thing) in this
way; give (actor) part in play. C.
about for, have a look round for; c.
clothing, skin, etc., put off, get out of;
c. down, make unhappy; c. iron,
iron given form by casting; c. off, (of boat)
undo and let go; have no more to do
with; c. up, sp., do addition of (numbers).
2. n. Act of casting (net etc.);
casting-MOULD; thing made in a c.; actors
in play; form, quality (of face, mind); (of
eye) a small twist to left or right.
'-away, n. Person getting to strange
land, island etc., after ship has gone
down. '-ing-vote, n. One given to make
decision when 2 sides are equal. (ka:st).

casta'net, n. Wood or bone instrument
used on fingers in dancing for marking
time with sharp sound. (kastə'net).

caste, n. Any of the fixed divisions of
society in India; any deep-rooted division
of society. Lose c., be put out of
one's c., come down in society. (ka:st).

'castellated, a. BATTLEMENTED.
('kastəleitid).

'castigate, v.t. Give punishment to by
blows or words.
('kastigeit).

'castle, n. Great
house of old times
made strong
against attack;
sort of CHESSMAN.
Cc. in the air, in
Spain, beautiful
pictures of the
future with little
chance of becoming true. ('ka:sl).

'castor, n. Pot with holes in top for
sugar, salt, etc. C. sugar, white, powdered
sugar. ('ka:stə).

'castor, n. Small wheel put under foot of
table etc.

'castor 'oil, n. Oil from a plant, taken
medically as CATHARTIC. ('ka:stər 'ɔil).

cas'trate, v.t. Take away male parts of.
(kas'treit).

'casual, a. Caused by chance; (of work
etc.) not regular; not taking trouble, not
responsible. '-ty, n. One dead or wounded
in fight etc. 'c.-ward, n. Division
of workhouse for chance comers.
('kaʒjuəl).

'casuist, n. One judging questions of
right and wrong by light of theories
one expert at twisting words in argument.
('kazjuist).

cat, n. Small house-trained animal living
on rats, birds, milk, etc.; any animal of
c. family; unkind, bitter-tongued woman;
c.-o'-nine-tails. C. burglar, one
getting into house up drain-pipe etc.;
let the c. out of the bag, let out a
secret; see which way the c. jumps, see
how things are going before giving support,
etc. '-call, n. Loud whistle as sign
of protest, at meeting etc. '-fish, n. Sorts
of fish. '-gut, n. Twisted INTESTINES of
sheep used for violin cords, etc. '-nip,
n. Low grey-green flowering plant.
c.-o'-'nine-tails, n. Whip of knotted
cords for punishment. c.'s-cradle,
n. Sort of play with cord twisted
round fingers. 'c.'s-paw, n. Person
used as instrument by another. (kat).

'cataclysm, n. Violent natural event, sp.
FLOOD; sudden overturning of society,
political system. ('katəklizm).

'catacomb, n. Room-like place under
earth for dead bodies, sp. the long,
narrow Rom. cc. ('katəkoum).

'catafalque, n. Ornamented BIER.
('katəfalk).

'catalepsy, n. Disease in which person
becomes unconscious from time
to time. cata'leptic, 1. a. 2. n. C. person.
('katəlepsi).

'catalogue, 1. n. Complete list in some
special order. 2. v.t. Put in c. form.
('katəlɔg).

ca'talysis, [Sc.] n. The helping of a chemical
reaction by a substance which itself
undergoes no change. 'catalyst, n.
Substance causing catalysis. cata'lytic,
a. (kə'talisis).

'catapult, 1. n. [Hist. Mil.] Machine for
sending stones etc.; boy's apparatus of
forked stick and elastic for same
purpose; apparatus for sending airplane
straight up without forward run. 2.
v.t. Send with force (as) from c.
('katəpʌlt).

'cataract, n. Waterfall; disease of eye in
which it becomes clouded. ('katərakt).

ca'tarrh, n. Diseased condition of throat
or back of nose, as in a cold. (kə'ta:).

ca'tastrophe, n. Sudden shocking event,
sp. causing destruction. (kə'tastrəfi).

catch (caught), 1. v.t.&i. Go after and
make prisoner, get in TRAP; get in hands
(thing sent through air); get (person) to
make a slip, let out secret, etc., by trick;
come suddenly on (person in act of doing);
be in time to get (train etc.); take a grip
of; get, become, fixed, hooked on thing;
get (disease etc.); get (sense, sound, of);
give (blow) to. C. cold, get a cold; c. fire,
get on fire; c. hold of, take a grip of; c. it,
sp., [Com.] get punishment; c. on, (of
song, etc.) be widely taken up; c. one's
breath, take sudden, short breath; c. person's
eye, make him see one; c. up with,
sp., overtake; get (work etc.) done so
that no more is waiting. 2. n. An act of
catching ball etc.; (amount of) fish etc.
caught; thing, person, caught, or much
to be desired; question, trick, designed
to c. someone; part of lock, etc., by
which thing is kept shut; song, for
number of voices starting one after
another. '-ing, a. (Sp. of disease) given
from one to another. '-penny, a. Of poor
value, designed simply for purpose of
getting money. '-word, n. Word(s) very
current for a time, freq. used without
much thought. '-y, a. (Of music) readily
taken up. (katʃ (kɔ:t)).

'catechize, v.t. Put great number of
questions to. 'catechism, n. Catechizing.
The C., book of questions and
answers used by Church for teaching
system of Christian belief. ('katikaiz).

'category, n. Division of a system of
grouping, sort. cate'gorical, a. (Of statements)
complete, detailed. ('katigəri).

'cater, v.i. Make oneself responsible for
food, amusement (for). C. to, be guided
by desires, tastes, of. '-er, n. One whose
business is food-catering. ('keitə).

'caterpillar, n. BUTTERFLY or MOTH in
worm-like stage of development; wide
band going over toothed wheels, for
giving grip in rough places. ('katəpilə).

'caterwaul, v.i., n. (Give) loud cat-cry.
('katəwɔ:l).

ca'tharsis, n. [Med.] The clearing of
waste from the body; outlet for strong
feeling given by theatre etc. ca'thartic,
n., a. (Medical substance) effecting
catharsis. (kə'θa:sis).

ca'thedral, n. Chief church of a DIOCESE.
(kə'θi:drəl).

'catherine-wheel, n. Firework in form
of wheel. ('kaθrinwi:l).

'cathode, n. The NEGATIVE POLE of an
electric current. ('kaθoud).

'catholic, 1. a. General, of wide interest,
taking in everything; (of Church) taking
in all Christians; of Church of Rome
(C.). 2. n. One in the R.-C. Church (C.).
ca'tholicism (kə'θɔlisizm), n. Religion
of, or belief in, R.-C. Church. catho'licity,
n. Quality of being catholic.
('kaθəlik).

'catkin, n. Long hanging flower of certain
trees. ('katkin).

'catsup, n. KETCHUP. ('katsəp).

'cattle, n. Farm animals, sp. cows. ('katl).

Cau'casian, n., a. (Person) of the white
group, European. (kɔ:'keiziən).

'caucus, n. Organization committee of
political group. ('kɔ:kəs).

'caudal, a. Of the tail. ('kɔ:dl).

caught. See CATCH.

caul, n. Thin skin sometimes covering
head of baby at birth. (kɔ:l).

'cauldron, n.
Great open
cooking-pot.
('kɔ:ldrən).

'cauliflower, n.
(Plant with)
white flower-head
used as
food. ('kɔliflauə).

caulk, v.t. Get joins
in (ship) stopped up, gen. with sticky
substance. (kɔ:k).

cause, 1. n. Condition, thing, person,
producing an effect; reason for acting;
(public) purpose for which one is fighting;
[Law] CASE. First C., the cause, maker,
of all things, GOD; make common c., become
united for a purpose. 2. v.t. Have
as effect; make (to). 'causal,
a. Of cause and effect. cau'sality, n. Sp., general
operation of cause and effect. cau'sa-tion,
n. Causing; causality. '-less, a.
Sp., without good reason. (kɔ:z).

'causeway, n. Lifted road across low or
wet land; lifted footway. ('kɔ:zwei).

'caustic, a. With chemical property of
burning into living substance; bitter,
biting (of words). ('kɔ:stik).

'cauterize, v.t. Get burned with CAUSTIC
substance or heated iron. 'cautery,
n. (Heated iron for) cauterizing.
('kɔ:təraiz).

'caution, 1. n. Taking care, watching
for danger; words etc. pointing out
danger. 2. v.t. Give a c. to. A c., [Hum.]
person whose acts or words give
amusement. '-ary, a. Cautioning.
'cautious, a. (Given to) taking care.
('kɔ:ʃn).

caval'cade, n. Band of persons on horseback.
(kavəl'keid).

cava'lier, 1. n. [Old] Horseman; supporter
of Charles I against Cromwell; man
polished in behaviour to women. 2. a.
Rough, sharp (in behaviour). (kavə'liə).

'cavalry, n. Military horsemen. ('kavəlri).

cave, 1. n. Hollow place in mountain, by
riverside, etc. 2. v.i. Only c. in, (of walls
etc.) give way by falling in. 'c.-dweller,
n. Early man living in cave. (keiv).

'cave, [Com.] int. Take care, someone's
coming. ('keivi).

'cavern, n. CAVE. ('kavən).

cavi'are, n. Salted eggs of STURGEON.
C. to the general, (something) over-delicate
for common taste. (kavi'a:).

'cavil, 1. v.i. Make (sp. unnecessary)
protest (about). 2. n. Such protest. ('kavil).

'cavity, n. Hollow in solid body. ('kaviti).

ca'vort, [Hum.] v.i. Go jumping about.
(kə'vɔ:t).

caw, n., v.i. Cry of CROW. (kɔ:).

cay'emie, n. Red PEPPER. (kei'en).

cease, 1. v.t.&i. Come to a stop in (doing);
come to an end. C. from, give up (doing).
2. n. Without c., without stopping.
'-less, a. Never stopping. (si:s).

'cedar, n. (Sweet-smelling wood of) sorts
of evergreen tree. ('si:də).

cede, v.t. Give up (land, rights) to another
nation, ruler. (si:d).

ce'dilla, n. Mark(s) put under "c" as
a sign that it is sounded as "s". (si'dilə).

'ceiling, n. Inside roof of room. ('si:liŋ).

'celandine, n. Sorts of yellow spring
field flower. ('seləndain).

'celebrate, v.t.&i. Go through (forms,
sp. of the Church); have pleasure-making,
etc., as sign of (special day,
event). 'celebrant, n. Man of religion
celebrating MASS. '-d, a. Noted.
ce'lebrity, n. Noted person; condition
of being a c. ('selibreit).

ce'lerity, n. Quality of acting quickly.
(si'leriti).

'celery, n. Plant whose stems are kept
white and used as food, freq. uncooked.
('seləri).

ce'lestial, a. Of the sky; of
HEAVEN; of China. (si'lestjəl).

'celibacy, n. Condition of living unmarried.
'celibate, a., n. Unmarried
(person). ('selibəsi).

cell, n. Small room for one, in house of
religion or prison; small box-like
division, as in bees' wax structure; unit
freq. formed of metal plates in acid, of
apparatus for producing electric current;
[Sc.] unit of living substance. '-ular, a.
Formed of cells. '-ule, n. Very small
cell. (sel).

'cellar, n. Room under level of earth;
(person's etc.) store of wine. '-age, n.
Amount of cellar space. '-er, n. Keeper
of food and wine, sp., in house of
religion. ('selə).

''cello, n. VIOLONCELLO. ''cellist, n.
'Cello player. ('tʃelou).

'celluloid, n. Glass-like substance which
may be readily bent. ('seljulɔid).

'cellulose, n. Substance forming framework
of plants. ('seljulous).

Celt, n. Person of the nation-group taking
in the Irish, Welsh, Bretons, etc. '-ic,
n., a. (Language) of Celts. (kelt).

ce'ment, 1. n. Stone-like building substance
made by burning LIME and CLAY;
any c.-like substance used for joining
wood etc. or as stopping for teeth. 2. v.t.
Put c. on; get united (as) with c.
(si'ment).

'cemetery, n. Place, away from church,
where dead are put under earth.
('semitri).

'cenotaph, n. Structure put up in memory
of dead whose bones
are in another place.
('senouta:f).

'censer, n. Vessel for
burning sweet-smelling
substances in church.
('sensə).

'censor, 1. n. [Rom.] Man
keeping record of the
number of persons and
watching over public
behaviour; one having
authority to keep from
public (anything in)
plays, books, news etc.,
judged to have bad effect or to give
away military secrets etc.; one making
himself a judge of others. 2. v.t. Be a c.
of. cen'sorious, a. Given to judging
others, pointing out their errors. ('sensə).

'censure, v.t., n. (Make) statement making
clear one's bad opinion of (person,
thing). ('senʃə).

'census, n. Numbering of persons in
country etc. by government. ('sensəs).

cent, n. 100th part of DOLLAR. Per c., in
every 100. (sent).

'centaur, [Fict.] n. A being with man's
head, arms, and body down to middle,
on horse's body and legs. ('sen tɔ:).

cente'narian, n., a. (Person) 100 years
old. (senti'neəriən).

cen'tenary, 1. n. Day 100 years after
event; pleasure-making etc. marking c.
2. a. Of, having been in existence, 100
years. cen'tennial (sen'teniəl), a., n.
Centenary. (sen'timəri).

'centigrade, a. Of scale for measuring
degree of heat on which boiling-point of
water = 100° and point at which it
becomes ice = 0°. ('sentigreid).

'centipede, n. Small worm-like animal
with great number of feet. ('sentipi:d).

'centre, 1. n. Middle point or part; chief
thing, person. C. of gravity, that point
in body by the support of which the body
is kept balanced in any position. 2. a.
At or of the c. 3. v.i.&t. Have as c.
sp., of interest etc. (c. in, round, etc.);
put at c. C. forward, (in football etc.)
player at c. of front line. 'central, a. Of,
in, at, from, the centre; chief, controlling.
'centralize, v.t.&i. Put, come,
under one control. '-bit, n. Instrument
for making holes. '-piece, n. Ornament
for centre of table. cen'trifugal (sen'trifjugəl),
a. Having tendency away
from a centre. cen'tripetal (sen'tripiti),
a. Having tendency to a centre.
('sentə).

'century, n. 100 years; any group of 100.
The 20th etc. c., the 100 years numbered
from 1900 to 1999, etc. cen'turion (sen'tjuəriən),
n. Head of unit of 100 men in
Rom. army. ('sentʃuri).

ce'ramic, a. Of the art of making vessels
of potter's earth. -s, n. pl. Such art.
(si'ramik).

'cereal, a., n. (Of) grain used as food.
('siəriəl).

'cerebrum, [Med.] n. Chief part of brain.
'cere'bellum ('seri'beləm), n. Small back
part of brain. 'cerebral, a. Of the brain.
cere'bration, n. Working of the brain.
('seribrəm).

'cerement, n. Clothing put on dead body.
('serimənt).

'ceremony, n. Special form gone through,
sp. in connection with religion; attention
to polished forms of behaviour. Master
of Cc., person responsible for seeing that
dance, public event, etc. goes well;
stand upon c., keep stiffly to c. cere'monial
(seri'mouniəl), 1. a. 2. n. System
of ceremonies for special event. cere'monious,
a. Given to, done with, great
ceremony. ('seriməni).

ce'rise, n., a. Light clear red. (sə'ri:z).

'certain, a. Of which there is no doubt,
fixed; having no doubt; one special (a
c. person, age); some, though possibly
not much (a c. fear). For c., without
doubt. '-ly, adv. Sp., yes, without
doubt. '-ty, n. Condition of being
certain; fact, event, which is certain.
('sə:tn).

cer'tificate, n. Statement of fact, sp. that
person is expert at- something, made
in writing by one in authority. 'certify,
v.t. Give certificate, say one is certain, of
(fact); (of medical man) c. that (person)
is off his head. (sə'tifikit).

'certitude, n. Condition of feeling certain,
belief. ('sə:titju:d).

ce'rulean, a. Sky-blue. (si'ru:liən).

ces'sation, n. A stopping, a coming to an
end. (se'seiʃn).

'cession, n. The giving up by agreement
(sp. of land to another ruler). ( seʃn).

'cesspool, n. Hole in earth for waste from
house-drains. ('sespu:l).

chafe, 1. v.t.&i. Be rubbing (skin, etc.)
to make warm; make or get rough, red,
by rubbing; make or be troubled, angry.
2. n. Chafed place on skin. (tʃeif).

chaff, n. Outer covers taken off grain; dry
grain stems and grass cut up small;
material of no value. (tʃa:f).

chaff, v.t., n. Make good-humoured sport
of.

'chaffer, v.i., n. (Have) argument over
price. ('tʃafə).

'chaffinch, n. Small common British bird.
('tʃafintʃ).

'chafing-dish, n. Vessel for cooking food
at table. ('tʃeifiŋdiʃ).

'chagrin, 1. n. Pain, shame, at making
an error, having things go wrong. 2. v.t.
Give c. to. ('ʃagrin).

chain, 1. n. Line formed of rings going
through one another; number of events,
ideas, mountains, having connection.
Cc., sp., cc. put on prisoner; c. smoker,
one smoking without a stop, lighting one
cigarette etc. from another. 2. v.t. Get
fixed with c. c.-armour, n. Sort made of
metal rings going through one another.
'c.-store, n. One of anumber controlled
by same company. (tʃein).

chair, 1. n. Seat with back for one person;
seat, position, of one controlling meeting,
committee etc.; position of PROFESSOR.
'-man, n. Person controlling meeting,
body. 2. v.t. Take about in uplifted c. as
mark of approval. (tʃeə).

chaise, n. Low 4-wheeled horse-carriage.
(ʃeiz).

chal'cedony, n. Sorts of clouded QUARTZ
used as jewels. (kal'sedəni).

'chalet, n. Small Swiss mountain house
of wood with sharply sloping roof.
('ʃalei).

'chalice, n. Wine-cup, sp. one for use in
church. ('tʃalis).

chalk, 1. n. A white, soft, natural stone;
stick of this or of like substance, freq.
coloured, used for writing, pictures. By
a long c., [Com.] by much. 2. v.t.
Put in writing, make (picture), with c.
(tʃɔ:k).

'challenge, 1. n. Offer to have fight etc.
with another to see who is the better;
condition testing person's powers etc.;
[Mil.] order to come to a stop and give
account of oneself. 2. v.t. Make, be, a. c.
to; make request for facts supporting
(doubted statement). ('tʃalindʒ).

'chamber, n. [Old] Room, sp., bedroom;
(meeting-place of) one of the divisions
of PARLIAMENT; walled space in body
of animal or plant, or in machine etc.;
bedroom pot fornatural needs. Cc.,
group of rooms used as living-place or
law-offices; c. music, music for playing
in room, not in theatre etc.; C. of
Commerce, body for helping trade in
place. '-lain ('tʃeimbəlin), n. Manager
of great house. '-maid, n. Woman
servant looking after bedrooms.
('tʃeimbə).

cha'meleon, n. Small animal noted for
power of changing colour. (kə'mi:liən).

'chamois, n. Small goat-like mountain
animal; ('ʃami) soft leather from sheep,
goats, etc. ('ʃamwa:).

champ, v.i.&t., n. (Of horses) make a
noise biting food or BIT. (tʃamp).

cham'pagne, n. High-priced white wine
from C. in France. (ʃam'pein).

'champaign, n. Open country.
('tʃampein).

'champion, 1. n. Person fighting for,
supporting, another or a cause; person,
animal, taking first place in a competition.
2. [Com.] a. First-rate. 3. v.t. Give
support to (person, cause). '-ship, n.
Sp., position of a champion in sport
etc.; act of championing. ('tʃampiən).

chance, 1. n. Way things come about;
power looked on as controlling this; undesigned
event; time when c. is on one's
side; a possible or probable hope or fear.
An off c., anot very probable c.; by c.,
without design; on the c. (of), in the hope
(of); take one's c., be ready to take what
comes. 2. a. Taking place by c. 3. v.i.&t.
Come about; not be kept back by the c.
of. C. upon, come across by c. 'chancy,
a. Uncertain. (tʃa:ns).

'chancel, n. Railed-off E. part of
church. ('tʃa:nsəl).

'chancellor, n. Name given to person in
certain high public positions. C. of the
Exchequer, person in British Government
controlling money of the country;
Lord C., highest English judge; university
C., head of university. 'chancellery,
n. Chancellor's position, house, branch,
offices; office of EMBASSY. ('tʃa:nsələ).

'chancery, n. LORD CHANCELLOR's division
of High COURT. ('tʃa:nsəri).

chande'lier, n. Branched hanging support
for anumber of lights. (ʃandə'liə).

'chandler, n. Trader in wax-lights, oil,
soap, paint, etc. Ship's c., trader in cords,
canvas etc., for ships. ('tʃa:ndlə).

change, 1. v.t.&i. Make, become,
different; take, put, another in place
of; put on different clothing; make an
exchange of; give, get, small money for
(money of greater value). C. hands, go
from one owner to another; c. one's
mind, come to a different opinion,
decision; c. (trains), sp., go from one
train to another on journey. 2. n.
Changing; quality of being changed,
different; clothing for changing into;
money in small(er) units; money given
back after price of goods has been taken
out of amount handed over. '-able, a.
Given to changing. '-ling, n. Baby put by
FAIRIES in place of another. (tʃeindʒ).

'channel, 1. n. Bed of river etc., way for
liquid, sp. pipe-like; hollow line cut into
something; way by which news etc.
comes; narrow stretch of water joining
two seas. 2. v.t. Make go through c(c).;
make c(c). in. ('tʃanəl).

chant, 1. n. Slow song, sp. in connection
with religion. 2. v.i.&t. Give c.; say
with c.-like rhythm. '-ry, n. Money
given so that men of religion may chant
for the dead; men of religion, part of
church, supported by c. '-y ('ʃanti), n.
Sailors' song. (tʃa:nt).

chanti'cleer, [Let.] n. Male fowl.
(tʃanti'kliə).

'chaos, n. Condition of being without any
order or form. cha'otic, a. ('keiɔs).

chap, [Com.] n. Boy, man. (tʃap).

chap, n. Lower part of side of face, sp. of
pig as food (freq. cc.).

chap, v.i.&t. (Of skin) become cracked,
rough; (of wind etc.) make chapped.

'chapel, n. Small church of private house,
school etc.; small division of church for
private PRAYER; NONCONFORMIST church
building. ('tʃapl).

'chaperon, 1. n. Older woman watching
over girl at dance? etc. 2. v.t. Be c. to.
'-age, n. Chaperon's care. ('ʃapəroun).

'chaplain, n. Christian PRIEST of private
church, ship, army etc. ('tʃaplin).

'chaplet, n. Circle of flowers, gold etc.
for the head; short ROSARY. ('tʃaplit).

'chapter, n. Common division of a book.
('tʃaptə).

'chapter, n. Body of churchmen forming
part of organization of CATHEDRAL;
persons forming (branch of) order of
religion etc.; meeting of a c.

char, 1. v.i. Do rough housework. 2. n.
Charwoman. '-woman, n. Woman coming
by the day or hour to char. (tʃa:).

char, v.t.&i. Get, become, burned black.

'char-à-banc, n. Long public automobile
with seats facing forward. ('ʃarəbaŋ).

'character, n. Sign, letter, in writing-system;
person's qualities of mind,
heart; person from point of view of these;
special qualities of a thing, sort; good
name; account of person's c. for use in
getting position; person in book or play;
one unlike others in his ways. -'istic, 1.
a. In agreement with character, representative.
2. n. Special or c. quality.
'-ize, v.t. Give account of character of;
be characteristic of. ('kariktə).

cha'rade, n. Amusement in which word
is acted bit by bit and onlookers make
an attempt to say what it is. (ʃə'ra:d).

'charcoal, n. Black substance made by
slow burning of wood, bones etc., freq.
used for fires. ('tʃa:koul).

charge, 1. n. Amount of powder, electric
current, etc. needed for working gun
or other apparatus; price requested;
thing, person, work, put in one's care;
statement made against a person;
violent attack by persons running, sp.
in war. Give (person) in c., give into
bands of police; in c. of, having in one's
care; being in the care of. 2. v.t.&i.
Put c. in; give (person) directions, order,
(to do); make a request to (person) for
(amount etc.) as price; make charging
attack against. C. (person) with, sp., make
statement of (wrongdoing) against (person);
give (person certain work) to do.
'-able, a. Open to charge of wrongdoing.
C. to, (of payment) to be charged to. '-r,
n. Sp., army horse. 'c.-sheet, n. Record
of charges at police-station. (tʃa:dʒ).

'chariot, n. [Hist.] 2-wheeled carriage
used in war; [Let.] ornamented carriage.
-'eer, n. Chariot driver. ('tʃariət).

'charity, n. Kind feeling, love; quality
of not judging others hardly; giving to
the poor; organization for helping the
poor. 'charitable, a. Having or marked
by charity. 'c.-boy, -girl, nn. One cared
for by charity organization. ('tʃariti).

'chari'vari, n. Greatnoise of voices etc.
('ʃa:ri'va:ri).

'charlatan, n. One tricking others into
taking him for an expert, sp, medical.
('ʃa:lətn).

'Charleston, v.i., n. (Do) Am. dance with
side-kicks from knee. ('tʃa:lstən).

charm, 1. n. Word(s), act(s), or thing
credited with strange power; small
ornament for watch-chain etc.; attraction,
power of causing love (freq. cc.).
2. v.t. Put under power of a c.; take
(away), get (secret out of), etc., as if by
charming; give great pleasure to, overcome
by attractions. A charmed life, one
kept safe as if by c. '-ing, a. Full of
charm. (tʃa:m).

'charnel-house, n. Building, place, full of
dead bodies or bones. ('tʃa:nlhaus).

chart, 1. n. Sailor's map of sea; grouping
of facts in form clear to the eye. 2. v.t.
Make c. of. (tʃa:t).

'charter, 1. n. (Statement in writing of)
rights given by Government. 2. v.t. Give
c. to; get use of (ship, airplane, etc.) for
time by payment. Chartered accountant,
one having got throug-h tests of INSTITUTE
of ACCOUNTANTS. 'c.-party, n.
Agreement between shipowner and
trader for use of vessel. ('tʃa:tə).

'Chartism, n. Beliefs of Eng. political
group of 1837-48 working to get masses
more voice in government. ('tʃa:tizm).

'chary, a. WARY. C. of, c. in relation to;
not giving readily. ('tʃeəri).

chase, 1. v.t.&i. Go after to overtake
or send away. 2. n. A chasing. Give c., go
chasing; the c., chasing of animals for
sport, sp. with dogs. (tʃeis).

chase, v.t. Get designs cut on (metal).

'chasm, n. Deep crack, opening, in the
earth; great division between. ('kazəm).

'chassis (chassis), n. Base-frame of automobile,
carriage etc. ('ʃasi).

chaste, a. Never having had sex relations;
not given to sex desires; simple in
taste, unornamented. 'chastity ('tʃastiti),
n. (tʃeist).

'chasten, v.t. Make better, wiser, by
punishment, trouble. ('tʃeisn).

chas'tise, v.t. Give punishment to.
(tʃas'taiz).

'chasuble, n. PRIEST'S loose overdress
without arms. ('tʃazjubl).

chat, n., v.i. Talk, exchange of news.
(tʃat).

'chateau (châateaux), n. Great F. country-house.
('ʃatou ('ʃatouz)).

'chatelaine, n. Short chains fixed to
woman's skirt band, for keys of house;
woman of great house. ('ʃatəlein).

'chattel, n. Bits of property able to be
moved. ('tʃatl).

'chatter, n., v.i. Quick or foolish talk;
noise made by teeth against one
another when shaking with cold, etc.
'-box, n. (Young) person given to
chatter. ('tʃatə).

'chauffeur, n. (Servant) driver of private
automobile. ('ʃoufə).

'chauvinism, n. Warlike feeling, talk,
based on desire to make one's country
seem great. ('ʃouvinizəm).

cheap, 1. a. Low in price, of good value for
money; of poor quality, little value;
got without trouble. C. Jack, house-to-house
trader. 2. adv. At a low price.
Hold c., put little value on. (tʃi:p).

cheat, 1. v.t.&i. Do something not
straightforward to (as in card-play etc.).
C. person (out) of, get from him by cheating.
2. n. Trick; person who cheats. (tʃi:t).

check, 1. v.t.&i. (Make) go slower or
come to stop; go through (writing)
looking for errors; make move in CHESS
putting other player's KING in danger.
2. n. Checking; anything causing c.;
design of squares, sp. on cloth;
receipt given at parcel-room etc. for
things put there; cheque. '-ed, a. Sp.,
of checked design. '-er, n., v.t. CHEQUER.
Cc., [Am.] DRAUGHTS. -mate, v.t., n.
Make check from which (other player)
has no way out; do something completely
getting the better of (someone).
(tʃek).

'Cheddar, n. Sort of Eng. cheese. ('tʃedə).

cheek, 1. n. Side of face between eye and
chin; [Com.] talk without respect, pushing
behaviour. C. by jowl, very near together.
2. v.t. Make use of c. to. '-y, a.
Using cheek. (tʃi:k).

cheep, v.i., n. (Make) feeble sound of young
bird. (tʃi:p).

cheer, 1. n. Happy condition, comfort;
cry of approval. Good c., good food and
drink; of good c., happy, full of hope.
2. v.t.&i. Make happy, give comfort to;
give c(c). C. up, give (person) comfort;
be comforted. '-ful, '-y, aa. Bright, good-humoured.
'-less, a. Without comfort.
'-i'o, [Hum.] int. Be of good cheer!
(tʃiə).

cheese, n. Food made from solid substance
produced when milk is acted on by
certain acids; cake or ball of this.
'c.-cloth, n. Very thin cotton cloth
such as is put round some cheeses.
'c.-paring, a. Living etc. very cheaply,
hating to make use of money. (tʃi:z).

'cheetah, n. Sort of LEOPARD. ('tʃi:tə).

chef, n. Expert male cook. (ʃef).

'chef 'd'oeuvre, [F.] n. Very great, person's
greatest, work of art. ('ʃei 'də:vr).

che'mise, n. Woman's bit of underclothing
covering body. (ʃi'mi:z).

'chemistry, n. Science having to do with
substances, their behaviour and effects.
'chemical, 1. a. Of or made by chemistry.
2. n. Substance got by or used
in c. process. 'chemist, n. Expert in
chemistry; trader in medical substances.
('kemistri).

che'nille, n. Sort of soft silk cord used
for ornamenting dresses etc. (ʃə'ni:l).

cheque, n. (Special form for) order in
writing to bank to make payment of
amount named. 'c.-book, n. Book of
cheques. '-r, v.t. (Get marked with)
design of squares; get marked with light
and shade. (tʃek).

'cherish, v.t. Give loving care to; keep in
one's heart.
('tʃeriʃ).

che'root, n. CIGAR
with open ends.
(ʃə'ru:t).

'cherry, n. Small
stone-fruit; its
tree; wood of
this; bright red,
as of red c. C. pie, HELIOTROPE.
('tʃeri).

'cherub, (-im), n. One of second order of
ANGELS; (pl. -s), winged baby ANGEL.
che'rubic, (tʃe'ru:bik), a. Round-faced,
sweet-looking. ('tʃerəb).

chess, n. Amusement for 2 players with 32
men (-men) on squared board (-board).
(tʃes).

chest, n. Great box; box for a special
purpose (medicine-c. etc.); top front
part of body. C. of drawers, frame with
drawers for clothing etc. (tʃest).

'chesterfield, n. Long cushioned seat
with arms and back. ('tʃestəfi:ld).

'chestnut, n. (Sorts of tree with) smooth
bright brown nut; colour of c.; c. horse;
old story no longer causing amusement.
('tʃesnʌt).

che'val-glass, n. Tall looking-glass
between uprights. (ʃə'valgla:s).

cheva'lier, n. KNIGHT of certain orders.
(ʃevə'liə).

'chevron, n. Bent line (^ or V) in
HERALDRY, or on arm of military coat
as sign of position etc. ('ʃevrən).

chew, 1. v.t.&i. Get well crushed
between teeth. 2. n. A chewing; bit of
tobacco for chewing. (tʃu:).

chiaros'curo, n. Distribution of light and
shade, sp., in painting. (kja:rɔs'kuərou).

chic, a. Dressed in the latest taste. (ʃi:k).

chi'canery, n. (Sp. in law) unstraight-forward
behaviour, false arguments.
(ʃi'keinəri).

chick, n. Young bird. '-a'biddy, n. Little
dear. '-weed, n. Very common small
plant. (tʃik).

'chicken, n. Young fowl; fowl; c. meat.
'c.-hearted, a. Given to fear. 'c.-pox,
n. Disease of the young, causing small
red places on skin. ('tʃikin).

'chicory, n. Blue-flowered plant; powdered
c. root, used mixed with coffee.
('tʃikəri).

chide, v.t. Say angry words to because of
wrongdoing. (tʃaid).

chief, 1. n. Ruler of group; head of organization
etc. 2. a. Most important. '-ly,
adv. Sp., almost completely. '-tain
('tʃi:ftən), n. Military or family chief.
(tʃi:f).

'chiffon, n. Thin silk material. ('ʃifɔn).

chiffo'nier, n. Low, flat-topped cupboard;
[Am.] high chest of drawers. (ʃifə'niə).

'chignon, n. Roll of hair at back of head.
('ʃi:njɔŋ).

'chilblain, n. Red SWELLING on fingers
etc. caused by cold. ('tʃilblein).

child (children), n. Boy or girl; son or
daughter; thing produced by, or like,
some other thing. With c., about to give
birth to c. 'c.-bed, '-birth, nn. Process
of giving birth to baby. '-like, a. Sp.,
good, open, simple. 'c.'s-play, n. Something
very simple to do.
(tʃaild ('tʃildrən)).

chill, 1. n. Condition of being cold (of air,
water, etc.); shaking and burning condition
of body caused by getting cold.
2. a. Cold. 3. v.t.&i. Make or become
cold; take away pleasure, interest, from.
'-y, a. Somewhat cold; feeling the cold;
cold in behaviour. (tʃil).

'chilli, n. Seed-vessel of CAPSICUM with
burning taste, freq. powdered. ('tʃili).

chime, 1. n. Number of bells sounding in
harmony; music of c.; sound like c. 2.
v.i.&t. (Of bells) make c(c).; give (hour)
by c(c).; make c(c). on (bells). C. in,
say something in middle of others' talk.
(tʃaim).

chi'mera, n. [Gk. Fict.] Animal with
body of goat and tail of snake; fiction,
foolish idea or hope. (kai'miərə).

'chimney, n. Structure by which smoke,
steam, is taken away from fire, engine
etc.; glass round flame of oil light;
narrow crack forming way up mountain-face
etc. 'c.-piece, n. Shelf over fireplace.
'c.-pot, n. Chimney pipe on roof
of house. 'c.-stack, n. Group of chimney-pots
forming one structure. 'c.-sweep,
n. Cleaner of chimneys. ('tʃimni).

chimpan'zee, n. Man-like African monkey.
(tʃimpan'zi:).

chin, n. Part of face under mouth. (tʃin).

'china, n. PORCELAIN; plates, cups, etc.
made of this. ('tʃainə).

chm'chilla, n. Small, grey, rat-like animal
of S. America; its skin. (tʃin'tʃilə).

chine, n. Backbone of animal or cut of
meat from this part. (tʃain).

chink, v.i.&t., n. (Make) sound as of
glasses, bits of money, coming together;
[Hum.] ready money. (tʃiŋk).

chink, [Hum.] n. Chinese person.

chink, n. Narrow opening, small hole.

chintz, n. Cotton cloth printed in colours.
(tʃints).

chip, 1. v.t.&i. Get thin bit broken off;
have c(c). broken off. C. in, put in a
word when others are talking. 2. n. Bit
chipped off; chipped place. Cc., sp.,
potatoes cut small and cooked in fat;
long, thin bits of wood for hats etc.;
c. of(f) the old block, sp., young person
with qualities very like father.
(tʃip).

'chipmunk, n. N. Am. SQUIRREL.
('tʃipmʌŋk).

chi'ropody, n. Expert foot-care.
(ki'rɔpədi).

chiro'practor, n. One who undertakes to
put physical troubles right by adjustment
of the backbone. (kairou'praktə).

chirp, n., v.i.&t. Short bright note
of bird. '-y, a. Happy, bright. (tʃə:p).

'chirrup, v.i.&t., n.
(Make) sound (as) of
small bird(s).
('tʃirəp).

'chisel, 1. n. Instrument
with sharp,
sloping end for cutting
wood, stone, or
metal. 2. v.t. Get cut
with a c.; [Com.] get
money etc. away from
by trick. ('tʃizi).

chit, n. Short note.
(tʃit).

chit, [Hum.] n. Young
person, sp. girl.

'chit-chat, n. Talk
about small things. ('tʃittʃat).

'chivalry, n. Old system of KNIGHTS and
its rules of behaviour; behaviour marked
by respect for women and care for the
feeble. 'chivalrous, a. ('ʃivəlri).

chive, n. Small sort of ONION. (tʃaiv).

'chlorine, n. Thick, yellow-green, bad-smelling
gas. 'chloride, n. Substance
formed by uniting chlorine with some
other simple substance. ('klɔ:ri:n).

'chloroform, 1. n. Thin liquid without
colour, giving off gas used medically to
make persons unconscious. 2. v.t. Make
unconscious with c. ('klɔ:rəfɔ:m).

'chlorophyll, n. Green colouring-substance
in plants. ('klɔ:rəfil).

chock, n. Bit of wood, sp. to put under wheel
etc. to keep it from rolling. 'c.-a-'block,
c.-'full, aa. Completely full. (tʃɔk).

'chocolate, n. Paste or cake of crushed
CACAO seed; drink made of c.; sweet
made of c.; dark brown colour. C.
cream, a sweet of soft paste coated with
c. ('tʃɔkəlit).

choice, 1. n. Act, power, of selection;
number of things from which selection
may be made; thing of which selection
is made. For c., as a c.; Hobson's c., c.
only between taking (doing) or not.
2. a. Of the best quality. (tʃɔis).

choir, n. Trained group of persons giving
songs, sp. in church; part of church for
c. (kwaiə).

choke, 1. v.t.&i. Put a stop to the breathing
of by gripping throat, or getting
in windpipe; undergo this; have attack
of coughing from something in throat;
(in automobile engine) get intake of air
cut down or off; get stopped up. C. off,
make (person) give up design. 2. n.
Attack of choking; part of automobile
engine controlling intake of air. '-r,
[Hum.] n. High stiff collar. (tʃouk).

'choler, n. Angry humour. ('kɔlə).

'cholera, n. Disease common in India,
freq. causing death. ('kɔlərə).

choose (chose, chosen), v.t.&i. Make
selection of (something) from two or
more; make a decision (to). There's
nothing to c. between them, one is as good
as the other. (tʃu:z (tʃouz)).

chop, n. CHAP (of face). (tʃɔp).

chop, 1. v.t. Get cut by giving blow(s)
with a sharp-edged instrument; get
cut up very small. C. and change, make
first one decision and then another.
2. n. Chopping blow; bit of meat with
bone for one person, cut off for separate
cooking. 'c.-house, n. Restaurant chiefly
cooking chops etc. '-per, n. Instrument
with wide, sharp-edged blade for cutting
wood etc. '-py, a. (Of wind, sea) rough.

'chopsticks, n. pl. Two special sticks used
in China and Japan for lifting food from
basin etc. to mouth. ('tʃɔpstiks).

'choral, a. Of, for, a CHOIR. cho'ral(e)
(kɔ:'ra:l), n. Simple choral song. ('kɔ:rəl).

chord, n. Cord of HARP etc.; cord-like
structure, as in throat; straight line
joining two points on circle or other
curve; [Mus.] number of notes played
together in agreement with rules of
harmony. (kɔ:d).

chore, n. Bit of work, sp. in house. (tʃɔ:).

chore'ography, n. Art of designing BALLET.
(kɔm'ɔgrəfi).

'chorister, n. One in CHOIR. ('kɔristə).

'chortle, [Hum.] v.i., n. (Give) a loud
laugh in the throat. ('tʃɔ:tl).

'chorus, 1. n. Band of persons in old Gk.
play, making observations in form of
song and dance on events in it; group
dancing etc. together as part of music
play; group of voices united in song;
bit of music, song, for c.; part of song in
which all take part. 2. v.t. Give (song),
say, all together. 'choric, a. Of, for, like,
Gk. chorus. ('kɔ:rəs).

chose, chosen. See CHOOSE.

chow, n. Sort of Chinese dog. (tʃau).

'christen, v.t. Take into Christian
Church by BAPTISM; give name to.
'-dom, n. Christians or the Christian
countries as a group. ('krisn).

'Christian, 1. a. Of Christ or his teaching;
having belief in the C. religion; kind,
good. 2. n. C. person. C. name, one's first,
not family, name; C. Science, system
by which C. belief is said to overcome
disease without medical help. Christi-'anity,
n. The Christian religion;
Christian qualities; CHRISTENDOM.
('kristiən).

'Christmas, n. 25th December, kept in
memory of Christ's birth. C. card, special
card sent to friends at C.; C. Eve, day
before Christmas. 'C.-box, n. Money
given to postmen, tradesmen etc. at
Christmas. 'C.-tree, n. Small evergreen
tree dressed up at Christmas with lights,
ornaments, offerings. ('krisməs).

chro'matic, a. Of colour; in colours;
[Mus.] using notes not in natural scale;
(of scale) in which all half-notes are
played. -s, n. Science of colour.
(krou'matik).

'chromium, n. A white metal. chrome,
n. Sorts of colouring substance got from
chromium salts. ('kroumiəm).

'chronic, a. (Of disease, condition) going
on for a long time or for ever, coming
back again and again; (of person) with
c. condition (c. invalid, etc.). ('krɔnik).

'chronicle, 1. n. Record of events in
order of time. 2. v.t. Make c. of. ('krɔnikl).

chro'nology, n. Putting of events in
order of time; list etc. doing this.
chrono'logical, a. In order of time.
(krə'nɔlədʒi).

chro'nometer, n. Time-measuring instrument,
sp. sort used at sea. (krə'nɔmitə).

'chrysalis, n. Form taken by insect in
second, or sleeping, stage of development;
outer cover of c. ('krisəlis).

chry'santhemum, n. (Flower of) garden
plant from Japan. (kri'sanθiməm).

chub, n. Thick river fish. '-by, a. Fat,
round-faced. (tʃʌb).

chuck, v.t., n. [Com.] Send through the
air with quick motion of hand. C. it!
[Com.] don't go on doing this!; c.
person under the chin, give touch under
chin in play; c. (something) up, [Com.]
give (it) up in disgust. -er-'out, n. One
whose business is putting persons who
give trouble out of restaurant etc. (tʃʌk).

chuck, n. Part of LATHE gripping material.

'chucker, n. Division of play in POLO.
('tʃʌkə).

'chuckle, v.i., n. (Give) low laugh with
mouth shut. 'c.-head, n. Foolish person.
('tʃʌkl).

chum, 1. n. Great friend. 2. v.i. C. up
(with), become friends, make a friend of.
(tʃʌm).

chump, n. Thick bit of wood; [Hum, ] foolish
person. C. chop, one from side of
sheep's body near back leg; off his c., off
his head. (tʃʌmp).

chunk, n. Thick bit. (tʃʌŋk).

church, n. Building used for public forms
of Christian religion; a c. meeting; any
of the different branches of the Christian
religion. Go into the C., become PRIEST;
the C., all Christians; Christian PRIESTS
as a group. '-goer, n. One who goes
regularly to church. '-man, n. Man who
is one of a Church; Christian PRIEST.
-'warden, n. Representative acting for
persons of a church and helping with
organization; long CLAY pipe. -yard, n.
Walled space round church, freq. used
as place for the dead. (tʃə:tʃ).

churl, n. Rough or bad-humoured man;
[Old] man of low birth. '-ish, a. Bad-humoured.
(tʃə:l).

churn, 1. n. Butter-making machine;
great metal milk vessel. 2. v.t.&i. Be
working (CREAM), make (butter), in c.;
get (liquid) moved about as in c.;
(of sea etc.) be in troubled motion.
(tʃə:n).

chute, n. Long, narrow, sloping way for
taking things to a lower level; smooth
fall of water over a slope. (ʃu:t).

'chutney, n. Indian food-dressing, freq.
with burning taste, made of fruits etc.
('tʃʌtni).

ci'cada, n. Winged insect which makes a
sharp, high sound. (si'keidə).

'cicatrice, n. Mark of old wound.
('sikətris).

cice'rone, n. Guide pointing out things of
interest, etc. (tʃitʃə'rouni).

'cider, n. Drink made from apples.
'c.-press, n. Machine for crushing
apples for cider. ('saidə).

ci'gar, n. Tobacco-leaf made into a long
roll with pointed end(s), for smoking.
-'ette (sigə'ret), n. Thin roll of cut
tobacco in paper, for smoking. (si'ga:).

cinch, [Am. Com.] n. Something certain
to take place, not hard to do. (sintʃ).

'cincture, [Let.] n. Band round middle of
body. ('siŋktʃə).

'cinder, n. Bit of half-bumed coal, wood
etc. ('sində).

'cinema, n. Motion-picture theatre. cine-'matograph
(sinə'matəgra:f), n. Apparatus
for producing motion pictures
on white curtain etc.; cinema. ('sinimə).

'cinerary, a. Of, for, ASHES (sp. of dead).
('sinarəri).

'cinnabar, n. Substance producing quicksilver;
bright red colouring substance
got from this. ('sinəba:).

'cinnamon, n. E. Indian tree; its strong-tasting
inner skin, used in cooking;
yellow-brown. ('sinəmən).

'cinquefoil, n. Plant whose leaves have
five divisions. ('sinkfɔil).

'Cinque 'Ports, Certain harbours in S.E.
England with old rights. ('sink 'pɔrts).

'cipher, 1. n. The number sign 0; any of
the numbers 1-9; unimportant person;
system of secret writing. 2. v.i.&t. Do
arithmetic; put into c. ('saifə).

'circa, [L.] prep. About, roughly (certain
year in history, etc.). ('sə:kə).

'circle, 1. n. (Line limiting) completely
round form in one plane; anything in
form of c., ring; any round space;
seats in higher part of theatre; group in
society, group with common interest;
anything coming round again to starting-point.
Vicious c., error of supporting
an argument by facts which are dependent
on it for support; condition in
which an effect becomes in turn a
cause of the same thing as was its
cause. 2. v.i.&t. Be moving in a c.,
round and round; go or be round.
'-t, n. Ring, band, sp. as ornament for
head. ('sə:kl).

'circuit, n. Journey round; regular
journey from place to place, sp., of
judge for hearing law causes; country
covered by judge's c.; way taken by
electric current. Short c., wrong connection
made by electric current. cir'cuitous
(sə'kjuitəs), a. Roundabout.
('sə:kit).

'circular, 1. a. In the form of a circle;
coming back to starting-point without
going back the same way. C. letter, one
sent out to number of persons. 2. n.
Printed c. letter, advertisement. '-ize,
v.t. Send circulars to. ('sə:kjulə).

circu'lation, n. Motion coming back to
starting-point, sp., that of blood
through body; a going from one place,
person, to another; distribution (of
news, etc.); number of copies of newspaper
etc. taken by public. 'circulate,
v.i.&t. Be or put in circulation. Circulating
library, one from which books may
be taken out for a time for payment.
(sə:kju'leiʃn).

circum'cision, n. The cutting off of loose
skin of male sex-part, sp. as act of religion.
'circumcise ('sə:kəmsaiz), v.t. Do operation
of circumcision on. (sə:kəm'siʒn).

cir'cumference, n. Outline of circle;
measure round a thing. (sə'kʌmfərəns).

'circumflex, n. Mark (^ in F. etc., ^ in Gk.)
placed over a, e, i, o, or u as sign of
special sound. ('sə:kəmfleks).

circumlo'cution, n. Roundabout way of
saying something; use of unnecessary
number of words. (sə:kəmlə'kju:ʃn).

circum'navigate, v.t. Go sailing round.
(sə:kəm'navigeit).

'circumscribe, v.t. Put line round; (of
line) be limiting; put limits to. circum'scription,
n. Sp., writing round
bit of money, etc. ('sə:kəmskraib).

'circumspect, a. Taking everything into
account before acting; done, said, in c.
way. ('sə:kəmspekt).

'circumstance, n. Fact, detail; use of
forms (sp. pomp and c.). Cc., conditions,
place, time, etc., in which thing takes
place; person's material conditions.
Under the cc., the cc. being what they
are. '-d, a. In such and such a position.
circum'stantial, a. (Of account, story)
very detailed; (of EVIDENCE) based on
details making fact probable, not on
observation of fact itself. ('sə:kəmstəns).

circum'vent, v.t. Get the better of
(person, designs, etc.). (sə:kəm'vent).

'circus, n. Building, sp. Rom., with great
open space in middle and seats round,
for public amusements; form of amusement
in which trained animals etc. do
tricks; band of c. men and animals;
round open space with streets coming
into it on all sides. ('sə:kəs).

'cirrus, n. Form of cloud looking like
threads of wool. ('sirəs).

'cistern, n. Metal structure for storing
water in house etc. ('sistən).

'citadel, a. Strong military building(s)
for keeping town safe. ('sitədl).

cite, v.t. Give as an example (sp. statement
from book etc.). ci'tation, n. Sp.,
statement etc. cited. (sait).

'citizen, n. Townsman; person having full
rights in town or nation (sp. U.S.A.).
('sitizn).

'citron, n. (Tree with) fruit like LEMON.
'citric acid, n. Acid produced by citrous
fruits. 'citrous, a. Of the orange, LEMON,
or citron sort. ('sitrən).

'city, n. Great town. The C., business,
banking, part of London. ('siti).

'civet, n. (Strong-smelling substance got
from) small, cat-like animal. ('sivit).

'civic, a. Of a town; of CITIZENS. '-s, n.
Theory of civic rights, behaviour.
('sivik).

'civil, a. Of persons living in a town; not
military; [Law] to do with private rights
and not crimes against society; using
common forms of respect in talking etc.
to others. C. List, money given by Government
for upkeep of Brit. ruler and
his family; c. marriage, one taking place
without forms of religion; C. Servant,
person in C. Service; C. Service, all
Government workers other than those in
the armed forces; c. war, war between two
groups of the same nation. ci'vilian, n.,
a. (Person) not in the fighting forces.
ci'vility, n. Quality of being civil in
behaviour. ('sivil).

'civilize, v.t. Get (a society) to higher,
more complex, stage of development;
make more polished, delicate, in behaviour.
civili'zation, n. Sp., high stage
of c..; all nations at this stage. ('sivilaiz).

clad. See CLOTHE.

claim, 1. v.t. Make a request for as one's
right; put forward as a fact (that); say
one has (certain quality etc.); (of things)
be in need of, have a right to (attention
etc.). 2. n. Act of claiming; right (to); (in
mining, etc.) bit of land to which person
has right. Lay c. to, say one has, or has
a right to. '-ant, n. Person claiming
thing as his right, sp. in law. (kleim).

clair'voyant, n., a. (Person) having power
of seeing things not present to senses.
(kleə'vɔiənt).

clam, n. Sorts of water MOLLUSC used for
food. (klam).

'clamber, v.i. Get up, onto, etc., with help
of hands, with some trouble. ('klambə).

'clammy, a. Stickily wet. ('klami).

'clamour, 1. n. Outcry, great noise;
general protest or request. 2. v.i. Make
c. 'clamorous, a. ('klamə).

clamp, 1. n. Band of iron, etc. for making
stronger, keeping together; gripping
apparatus made tight by screw. 2. v.t.
Put c(c). on; put in c. (klamp).

clan, n. (In Scot. Highlands) group of
families with blood connection; family
or other group united by very strong
feeling, interests. '-nish, a. With
tendency to clan feeling. (klan).

clan'destine, a. Done secretly, kept secret.
(klan'destin).

clang, v.i., n. (Make) loud sound (as) of
metal on metal. '-our, n. Clanging. (klaŋ).

clank, 1. n. Sound (as) of chain being
moved. 2. v.i.&t. Make c.; make c.
with. (klaŋk).

clap, 1. v.t.&i. Make a noise by putting
(open hands, etc.) sharply together; give
approval to in this way; put quickly,
violently. C. eyes on, see suddenly; c. on
the back, give blow to on back with open
hand as sign of approval. 2. n. Sound
of clapping; loud burst (of thunder).
'-board, n. Board, thinner at one edge
than the other, used for wood buildings.
'-per, n. Sp., tongue of bell; wood instrument
making clapping noise. '-trap,
n. High-sounding language, ideas, designed
simply to get approval. (klap).

claque, [F.] n. Body of persons making
noise of approval in theatre etc. for
payment. (klak).

'clarendon, n. Thick print. ('klarəndən).

'claret, n. Eng. name for red Bordeaux
wine; dark red colour. ('klarət).

'clarify, v.t.&i. Make clear (mind, idea
etc.); make (liquid) free from other substances;
become clear. 'clarity, n.
Condition of being clear. ('klarifai).

clari(o)'net, n. Wood wind-instrument
with holes and KEYS. (klari(ə)'net).

'clarion, 1. n. Brass instrument with high
note, used in old times in war. 2. a.
Clear, loud, moving. ('klariən).

clash, 1. n. Loud sound (as) of two metal
plates coming violently together; violent
meeting of two opposites, fight; (of
colour, etc.) condition of being out of
harmony. 2. v.t.&i. Make c. with;
have a c.; be out of harmony. (klaʃ).

clasp, 1. n. Apparatus
with parts
locking together,
for keeping something
fixed; grip
of arms or hand.
2. v.t.&i. Get,
be, fixed with c.;
take a grip of,
put arms round.
c.-knife, n.
Folding knife with clasp for keeping
blade open. (kla:sp).

class, 1. n. Sort, group, united by common
qualities; division dependent on quality
(first c., second c., etc.); division, order, of
society; group of learners given teaching
together; [Sc.] one of the chief groups of
animals or plants. 2. v.t. Put in a c.
c.-'conscious, a. Very conscious of
one's class in society. (kla:s).

'classic, 1. a. Of unquestioned position,
good quality (sp. of writings); CLASSICAL.
C. example, one generally given. 2. n.
Writer or work of highest quality; early
Gk. or L. writer; L. and Gk. expert.
The Cc., the c. Gk. and L. writings. '-al,
a. Of classic Gk. and L. art, sp. writings;
(of education) based on these; with
qualities like those of c. art, simple,
balanced, controlled; of early Gk. and
Rom. times. '-ism ('klasisizm), n. Love
of classical learning, qualities, education;
Gk. or L. way of saying something.
('klasik).

'classify, v.t. Put into ordered group(s).
classift'cation, n. Sp., system of classifying.
classifl'catory, a. ('klasifai).

'clatter, 1. n. Sound (as) of number of
hard things falling; loud sound of talk.
2. v.i.&t. Make c.; make c. with.
('klatə).

clause, n. One point in an agreement,
law; [Lang.] dependent statement
taking place of n., a., or adv. (klɔ:z).

claustro'phobia, n. Fear of shut-in
places. (klɔ:strə'foubiə).

clave. See CLEAVE.

'clavichord, n. Old instrument of music
like piano. ('klavikɔ:d).

'clavicle, n. Collarbone. ('klavikl).

claw, 1. n. Long pointed nail of animal's
or bird's foot; foot with cc.; instrument
like a c. 2. v.t. Make wounds in with
c(c) or finger-nail(s); get (something)
pulled to, up etc. with cc. or fingers.
(klɔ:).

clay, n. Stiff sticky earth, the material
of which bricks, pots etc., are made;
[Let.] (material of) man's body. (klei).

'claymore, n. Old two-edged Scot.
SWORD. ('kleimɔ:).

clean, 1. a. Not dirty; clear, unmixed,
unmarked; free from disease, wrongdoing,
etc.; complete. Make a c. breast of
it, give full story of one's wrongdoing. 2.
adv. Completely. 3. v.t. Make c. C. out, c.
the inside of; c. up, put things in order.
4. n. A cleaning. c.-cut, a. Sharply outlined.
c.-limbed, a. Well-made (of
person). '-ly ('klenli), a. Having clean
ways. -se (klenz), v.t. Clean. (kli:n).

clear, 1. a. Able to be seen through;
unclouded; sharply outlined; (of road,
ete.) open, with nothing in the way;
readily taken in by the mind; without
doubt; free (of something troubling);
(of time, distance) complete; (of sound)
well-marked, coming to the hearing
without trouble. 2. v.t.&i. Get c.;
make (person, his name, etc.) free
from suggestion of wrongdoing; go
over or by without touching (in jumping
etc.); make (amount of money) as
profit; (of clouds, mist) go slowly away.
C. a ship, go through necessary forms
before sailing from a harbour; c. away,
sp., take away (sp. things from table after
meal); c. off, c. out, sp., go away; c. up,
get, give, light on; put things in order; (of
weather) become bright, no longer raining.
'-ance, n. Making place clear,
getting things out of the way; room for
moving past. c.-cut, a. With clear
outlines. '-ing, n. Sp., bit of land made
clear of trees etc. '-ing-house, n.
Place at which cheques are exchanged
by bankers. '-ly, adv. In way clear to
eye, ear, or mind. c.-sighted, a. Wise.
(kliə).

cleat, n. V-formed bit of wood for driving
between things to make tight etc.; bit of
wood or iron fixed on to something for
twisting cord round, etc. (kli:t).

cleave (deaved or dave, cleaved), v.i. Be
true (to), keep (together) as friends; be as
if pasted (to). (kli:v (kleiv)).

cleave (clove or cleft, cloven or cleft), v.t.&i.
Get cut in two by blow; come in two.
Cleft palate, roof of mouth in two parts;
cloven hoof, that of cow, goat, etc.; sign
of the DEVIL. 'cleavage,
n. Direction in
which thing has
tendency to division.
'-r, n. Sharp-edged
instrument for cleaving
meat. (kli:v (klouv,
kleft)).

clef, [Mus.] n. Sign
placed at front of a
bit of music to make
clear position of notes
on instrument, etc.
(klef).

cleft, n. Crack, sp. in
earth. (kleft).

'clematis, n. Sorts of flowering plant
going up walls etc. ('klemətis).

'clement, a. Judging wrongdoer kindly;
(of weather) soft, not cold. ('klemənt).

clench, v.t.&i. Get (teeth, hands, etc.)
tightly shut; be clenched; get (nail)
fixed by hammering point sideways.
(klentʃ).

'clerestory, n. Windowed part of church
wall over AISLE roofs. ('kliəstəri).

'clergy, n. Christian PRIESTS. '-man, n.
One of clergy. ('klə:dʒi).

'cleric, n. CLERGYMAN. -al, a. Sp., having
to do with writing, copying. ('klerik).

clerk, n. Office etc. worker keeping accounts,
copying letters, etc. C. of the
works, overseer of materials etc. in building
undertaken at fixed price. (kla:k).

'clever, a. Quick-brained; quick and
expert (of fingers etc.). ('klevə).

'cliché, [F.] n. Word, saying, idea, which
has been overworked. ('kli:ʃei).

click, n., v.i. Small sharp sound. (klik).

'client, n. Person for whom medical man,
man of law, etc. does work; person getting
goods at certain store. -'ele
(kli:ɔntel), n. Clients. ('klaiənt).

cliff, n. High, sharp slope of stone, sp.
overhanging sea. (clif).

'climate, n. Weather conditions of place;
place as having certain c. ('klaimit).

'climax, n. Highest, turning, point in
process of development. ('klaimaks).

climb, 1. v.t.&i. Get up (tree, slope, etc.),
sp. with help of hands; get higher by
degrees; (of plant) go up wall or other
support. C. down, get down from high
position with some trouble; give up
point, position, give way. 2. n. Bit of
climbing; place to be climbed. (klaim).

clime, [Let.] n. A country, sp. as having
certain weather conditions. (klaim).

clinch, 1. v.t.&i. Get (agreement etc.)
fixed; put (something) out of all doubt
by one last argument; come to grips (in
fight with gloves). 2. n. Clinching in
fight with gloves. (klintʃ).

cling (clung), v.i. Keep a grip with hands,
feet etc. (c. to); have tendency to be
dependent, looking to others for support;
(of material) have tendency to keep
tightly (to body). (kliŋ (klʌŋ)).

'clinic, n. Place where medical teaching
is given by observation of work on ill
persons and poor persons go for attention;
group given teaching at c. '-al, a. (Of
medical work) of, at, bedside. C. thermometer,
one for medical use. ('klinik).

clink, 1. n. Sharp sound (as) of blow on
thin metal. 2. v.t.&i. (Make) give a
c.; c. (glasses) when drinking to a person.
(kliŋk).

'clinker, n. Brick burned very hard; mass
of unburned material formed in coal
fire. ('kliŋkə).

clip, 1. n. Small bit of metal, wire etc.
for keeping papers etc. together. 2. v.t.
Put, keep, together with a c. (klip).

clip, 1. v.t. Get (hair, wool) cut short with
scissors etc.; get edges, bits, cut off
(something); say (words, certain letters)
very shortly. 2. n. A clipping of wool etc.;
amount of wool cut off at one time.
'-per, n. Sp., instrument for clipping
hair, nails, etc. (gen. cc.); sort of sailing-ship
noted in tea-trade. '-ping, n. Bit
clipped off, sp., newspaper cutting.

clique, n. Group of friends having little
to do with others. (kli:k).

cloak, 1. n. Loose coat without arms;
thing acting as cover for acts, designs. 2.
v.t. Keep covered, secret. 'c.-room, n.
Place where coats, parcels etc., may be
put for a short time. (klouk).

clock, n. Time-measuring instrument for
room etc., having face marked with
hours and minutes, and 2 pointers.
'-wise, a. Going round from left to right
like hands of clock seen by person
facing. '-work, n., a. (Machine) formed
of wheels and springs or weights,
working like a clock. Like c., regular.
(klɔk).

clock, n. Design worked on sides of
stocking or sock.

clod, n. Cake of earth; slow-minded person.
'-hopper, n. Rough countryman.
(klɔd).

clog, 1. n. Shoe with under-part of wood;
anything fixed to, hanging from, another
thing and keeping it back. 2. v.t.&i. Be
acting as a c. to; get (pipe etc.), become,
stopped up. '-gy, a. Sticky. (klɔg).

'cloister, 1. n. House of order of religion;
covered walk round square or down side
of c., great church, etc. 2..v.t. Get shut
up inside house of religion, etc. '-ed, a.
Sp., shut away from society. ('klɔista).

close, 1. a. Near; with little space between;
(of friends) very dear; (of arguments)
detailed, with every step made clear;
tight; keeping things secret; not freely
giving (freq. c.-fisted); (of competition) in
which all do almost equally well; warm,
with little air. A c. shave, sp., a coming
very near to destruction etc.; be at, come
to, c. quarters, be, come, very near; c.
season, time of year when certain sort of
animal may not be put to death for sport.
2. adv. Near; tightly. 3. n. Open space
with buildings round, in connection with
great church or school. (klous).

close, 1. v.t.&i. Get, become, shut; make
less space(s) between; (in fight) get near
enough for blows; (make) come to an end
(of business, process, etc.). C. in, sp., get
near or round, in attack etc.; (of days)
get shorter; c. with, sp., take (offer).
2. n. End. -d, a. Sp., limited to certain
persons. 'closure ('klouʒə), n. Closing;
closing of discussion in PARLIAMENT by
decision to take VOTE. (klouz).

'closet, n. Private or small room; small c.
with place for waste from body; small
c. used as cupboard. '-ed, a. Shut in,
having private talk (with, together).
('klɔzit).

clot, 1. n. Half-solid mass formed by
liquid, sp. blood. 2. v.t.&i. Make, get,
into cc. (klɔt).

cloth, n. Material made by taking threads
of wool, cotton etc. over and under
one another; bit of this used for some
purpose; wool material; special dress of
PRIEST, taken as representative of the
Church. Lay the c., get table ready for
a meal; the c., the CLERGY. (klɔθ).

clothes, n. pl. (Parts of) dress. clothe
(clothed or clad), v.t. Give clothes to, put
clothes on; be as clothes to. 'c.-bag, n.
Bag for dirty clothes. 'c.-basket, n.
Basket in which clothing goes to or from
wash. 'c.-horse, n. Frame for airing linen
etc. on. 'c.-line, n. Cord for drying washed
clothing on. 'c.-peg, n. Wood grip for
keeping clothes on line. 'clothier, n.
Cloth-maker; trader in cloth, clothes.
'clothing, n. Sp., clothes. (klouðz).

cloud, 1. n. (A mass of) mist high in the
sky; anything in air of c.-like form; dark
part in something clear or bright; anything
making conditions less happy,
certain. In the cc., sp., with thoughts far
away; under a c., sp., with one's good
name in doubt, not having approval. 2.
v.t.&i. Get covered, make dark, (as) with
c(c).; become clouded, troubled. C. over,
(of day, sky) become clouded. 'c.-burst,
n. Violent downfall of rain. 'c.-rack, n.
Mass of broken clouds. '-y, a. Sp., (of
liquid) not clear. (klaud).

clout, 1. v.t. Give blow to. 2. n. Such
blow; a cloth for housework etc. (klaut).

clove, cloven. See CLEAVE.

clove, n. Unopen flower of tree in E.,
nail-like in form, made dry and used to
give taste to food; c. tree. (klouv).

'clove 'hitch, Sort of knot by which part
of cord between ends is fixed round
support etc. ('klouv 'hitʃ).

'clover, n. Sorts of plant with leaves having
3 divisions, used as food for cows etc.
In c., sp., in great comfort. ('klouvə).

clown, n. Actor with strangely painted
face, doing foolish tricks to give amusement;
person acting like c. (klaun).

cloy, v.t.&i. Quickly become unpleasing
to, by being over-sweet etc. (klɔi).

club, 1. n. Strong stick with one thick end;
sorts of stick used in GOLF. 2. v.t. Give
blow to with c. -foot, n. Thick, badly-formed
foot. (klʌb).

club, n. One of the group of playing-cards
marked with black leaf-like design having
3 divisions.

club, 1. n. Group of persons with common
interests, purpose, sp. meeting
regularly or having right to use of common
building for meals, bedrooms, etc.;
such building. 2. v.i. Be acting together,
with others, for common purpose, sp.
to make up certain amount of money.

cluck, n., v.i. Noise made by fowl. (klʌk).

clue, n. Fact, suggestion, pointing to
knowledge desired, sp. in connection
with crime. (klu:).

clump, n. Group of trees. (klʌmp).

clump, v.i. Put feet down loudly in
walking.

'clumsy, a. (With motions) badly controlled;
badly made for use, badly
balanced in design; with a tendency to
do or say the wrong thing. ('klʌmzi).

clang. See CLING.

'cluster, 1. n. Mass of flowers or fruit on
one stem; group of things near together.
2. v.i.&t. Be, get, in c(c). ('klʌstə).

clutch, 1. v.t. Get in tight grip. C. at, put
out hands to c. 2. n. Tight grip; part of
machine by which other parts may be
put in or out of operation. Cc., cruel
grip, power. (klʌtʃ).

clutch, n. Eggs produced at one time;
family of young fowls.

'clutter, 1. n. Things all about without
order, unordered mass. 2. v.t.&i. Make
a c. in or on. ('klʌte).

co-, Together with another, others (c.-exist,
c.-heir). (kou-).

coach, 1. n. Covered carriage of important
person; old 4-wheeled public carriage,
gen. with 4 horses; separate division of
train. 2. v.i. Go by public c. 'c.-house,
n. Building for carriages. '-man, n.
Driver of horse-carriage. (koutʃ).

coach, 1. n. Teacher or trainer of persons
going in for test or competition. 2. v.t.
Give teaching or training to (such
persons).

co'agulate, v.i.&t. Become, get, changed
from liquid to more or less solid condition.
(kou'agjuleit).

coal, 1. n. Solid black substance mined
from the earth, used for burning; bit of
c. Call, haul, over the cc., say angry
words to for wrongdoing; heap cc. of fire
on person's head, sp., do good to him in
exchange for bad. 2. v.t.&i. Put coal
into (ship, etc.); (of ship etc.) take in coal.
'c.-field, n. Place where coal is mined.
'c.-heaver, n. Man whose work is moving
coal. 'c.-hole, n. Dark cupboard etc. for
coal. 'c.-scuttle, n. Box, vessel, for coal
by fireplace. (koul).

coa'lesce, v.i. Become united into one
substance, thing, group. (kouə'les).

coa'lition, n. A uniting, sp. of different
political groups for special purpose.
'-ist, n. Supporter of political coalition.
(kouə'liʃn).

coarse, a. Common, of poor quality; (of
powder, material) rough, loose in structure;
unpolished, not delicate; (of
language) dirty, rough. c.-grained,
a. Coarse in structure or feelings. (kɔ:s).

coast, 1. n. Part of country edging sea.
2. v.i. Go sailing by the c.; go down
slope on TOBOGGAN, or on BICYCLE without
working feet.
'-guard, n. Coast
police (man).
(koust).

coat, 1. n. Outer
bit of clothing
opening down
front and having
arms; animal's
hair covering
skin; cover of
paint etc. C. of
arms, design used
by family, town,
as its sign. 2. v.t.
Put c. of paint
etc. on. -'ee, n.
Very short coat. '-ing, n. Coat of paint
etc.; cloth for coats. (kout).

coax, v.t. Make requests in one's most
pleasing way to (person to do); get (thing)
slowly put into position, etc., without
forcing it. (kouks).

cob, n. Strong, short-legged horse; head of
MAIZE; male SWAN; round thick bit of
coal. '-nut, n. Sort of HAZEL nut. (kɔb).

'cobalt, n. A metal; deep blue colouring
substance made from c. ('koubɔlt).

'cobble, 1. n. Round stone used in road-making.
2. v.t.&i. Put roughly together;
put new leather over holes etc.
in (shoes). '-r, n. Sp., shoe c. ('kɔbl).

'cobra, n. Most noted poison snake of
India. ('koubrə).

'cobweb, n. SPIDER's network or thread.
('kɔbweb).

co'caine, n. Substance used medically to
take feeling from part giving pain, freq.
taken as DRUG. (kou'kein).

cochi'neal, n. Bright red colouring substance
made from bodies of certain
insects. (kɔtʃi'ni:l).

cock, n. Male fowl; any male bird. C.-and-bull
story, completely false story; c. of the
walk, chief person in any group. c.-a.-doodle-'doo,
n. Cock's cry; baby's
name for cock. c.-a.-'hoop, a. Very
pleased with oneself. '-crow, n. Sp.,
start of daylight. '-erel, n. Young cock
fowl. '-pit, n. Place for cock fights;
place of much fighting; [Hist.] place in
lower part of warship used as hospital
in fights; driver's place in airplane.
'-scomb, n. Red growth on cock's head.
-'sure, a. Quite certain (of), over-certain.
'-tail, n. Mixed alcohol drink taken
before meals. '-y, a. Having a good
opinion of oneself. (kɔk).

cock, 1. n. Apparatus for controlling outlet
for liquid in pipe; part of gun which,
by giving blow, makes it go off when
TRIGGER is pulled; cocked position. At
half, full, c. (of gun) half, completely,
cocked. 2. v.t. (Of dog) put up (ears,
tail); put (hat etc.) at an angle; put up
c. of (gun) ready for firing. Cocked hat, hat
forming point at back and front. 'c.-eyed,
a. Not seeing straight; not level.

cock, 1. n. Small pointed mass of cut dry
grass in field. 2. v.t. Put in cc.

coc'kade, n. Round ornament of folded
silk, etc. in hat. (kɔ'keid).

cocka'too, n. Sorts of PARROT with head-ornament
of feathers. (kɔkə'tu:).

'cockatrice, n. BASILISK. ('kɔkətrais).

'cockchafer, n. Brown insect with hard
wing-covers making loud noise with
wings in flight. ('kɔktʃeifə).

'cocker, n. Small sort of SPANIEL. ('kɔkə).

'cockle, n. Flower common among grain.
('kɔkl).

'cockle, n. Small MOLLUSC with hard outer
cover in two halves, used for food. Warm
the cc. of one's heart, make one happy,
pleased.

'cockle, 1. v.t. (Of paper etc.) get, become,
pushed into folds. 2. n. Such a fold.

'Cockney, a., n. (Of) person of London;
(of) language of such persons. ('kɔkni).

'cockroach, n. Dark brown insect with
hard wing-covers, coming out at night
where food is kept. ('kɔkroutʃ).

'coco(a), n. Sort of PALM. '-nut, n. Great
rough nut of coco with white inside
and liquid in middle. C. matting, floor
cover made from outside part of c.;
c. milk, liquid in middle of c. ('koukou).

'cocoa, n. Powder of crushed CACAO seeds;
drink made from this. C. bean, CACAO
seed.

co'coon, n. Silk-like cover made by certain
insects in early, sleeping, stage of
development. (kə'ku:n).

cod, n. Great sea-fish. (kɔd).

'coddle, v.t. Take unnecessarily great care
of, giving special attention to food, rest
('kɔdl).

code, 1. n. System of laws, rules, signs;
general rule of behaviour of a society or
group (c. of honour); system of signs for
secret writing or talk. 2. v.t. Put into
c. signs. 'codify, v.t. Make (laws) into a
system. (koud).

'codex, n. Old book in handwriting, sp.
BIBLE. ('koudeks).

'codger, [Hum.] n. Strange sort of man.
('kɔdjə).

'codicil, n. Addition to WILL. ('kɔdisil).

'codling, n. Young COD; apple of pointed
form. ('kɔdliŋ).

co-edu'cation, n. Education of boys and
girls together. (kouedju'keiʃn).

coefficient, n. Thing, person, having a
part in producing an effect; [Sc.] number
put before a sign making clear that it is to
be taken that number of times; [Sc.] number
measuring a property. (koui'fiʃnt).

co'erce, v.t. Make use of force on (person)
to get to do. (kou'ə:s).

co'eval, a. In existence at or for the same
time. (kou'i:vl).

co-ex'tensive, a. Stretching over same
space or time. (kouiks'tensiv).

'coffee, n. Sort of low, tree-like plant;
(powdered) c. seeds; drink made from c.
powder. 'c.-bean, n. Coffee seed. 'c.-grounds,
n. pl. Wet coffee from which
drink has been made. 'c.-house, n.
Restaurant. 'c.-mill, n. Small apparatus
for powdering coffee. 'c.-room, n.
Public room for meals in hotel. ('kɔfi).

'coffer, n. Money or jewel box. ('kɔfə).

'coffin, 1. n. Chest for dead body. 2. v.t.
Put in c. ('kɔfin).

cog, n. Any one of teeth on toothed wheel
or rod. 'c.-wheel, n. Toothed wheel by
which motion is given from one part of
machine to another. (kɔg).

'cogent, a. (Of reasoning etc.) having
power, forcing agreement. ('koudʒənt).

'cogitate, v.i.&t. Give deep thought (to).
('kɔdʒiteit).

'cognac, n. French BRANDY. ('kounjak).

'cognate, 1. a. Having a common ANCESTOR;
coming from same root,
starting-point. 2. n, C. word. ('kɔgneit).

cog'nition, n. Process by which mind gets
knowledge, becomes conscious, of things.
'cognitive, a. Having to do with cognition.
(kɔg'niʃn).

'cognizance, n. Being conscious (of). Take
c. of, give attention to. ('kɔgnizəns).

cog'nomen, n. Name. (kɔg'noumen).

co'here, v.i. Keep together, united; (of
reasoning etc.) be well put together.
'-nt (kou'hiərənt), a. Sp., (of talk) clear
in sound and sense. co'hesion, n.
Cohering. co'hesive, a. (kou'hiə).

'cohort, n. Division of Rom. army.
('kouhɔ:t).

coif, [Hist.] n. Woman's tight head-dress
covering head. (kɔif).

coiffeur, n. Hair-dresser. coiffure (kwa:'fjuə),
n. Way hair is done. (kwa:'fə:).

coign, n. Only c. of vantage, place giving
view over something. (kɔin).

coil, 1. v.t.&i. Get (cord, etc.) twisted in
form of rings one on top of, or round, the
other; become coiled. 2. n. Coiled bit of
cord etc.; one ring of c.; coiled electric
wire as apparatus. (kɔil).

coin, 1. n. (Bit of) stamped metal money.
2. v.t.&i. Make (money) by stamping
metal; make into c.; make (new word).
C. money, sp., make much money
quickly. '-age, n. Coining; system of
coins in use; coined word. '-er, n. Sp.,
maker of false coin. (kɔin).

coin'cide, v.i. Take place at the same time;
be covering the same space; be the same
in size and form; be in agreement.
co'incidence, n. Sp., chance coinciding
of events in surprising way. (kouin'said).

coke, n. Solid material formed when gases
are taken out of coal. (kouk).

col, n. Narrow opening between 2 mountain
tops. (kɔl).

'colander, n. Vessel with small holes in
it used in cooking for draining off
liquid. ('kʌləndə).

cold, 1. a. Having a low degree of heat,
opp. warm; feeling c.; unmoved, unloving,
C. cream, soft substance for rubbing
into skin to make it smooth; c. feet,
[Hum.] fear; give person the c. shoulder,
give signs of having no desire for his company;
in c. blood, when not worked up;
throw c. water on, put forward reasons
against (hope, design). 2. n. Low degree
of heat; cold weather; disease causing
coughing and sneezing. c.-blooded, a.
(Of snakes, fishes) having blood-heat
changing with that of air or water
round; cold in feeling, cruel. (kould).

'colic, n. Sharp pains in stomach. ('kɔlik).

collaborate, v.i. Do work, sp. writing, art,
with another. (kə'labəreit).

col'lapse, v.i., n. (Undergo) a falling in,
a sudden giving way (of structure);
(undergo) sudden loss of physical power,
hope etc. col'lapsable, -ible, a. (Of
boat, seat, etc.) folding. (kə'laps).

'collar, 1. n. Upright or turned down neck-part
of coat, dress, or shirt, neck-band;
separate c.-like part put on over dress
etc.; leather etc. band round animal's or
prisoner's neck. 2. v.t. Take by the c.,
make prisoner; [Com.] take (another's
property). '-bone, n. Bone joining chest
bone and SHOULDER-BLADE. -'ette, n.
Woman's ornamented collar. ('kɔlə).

col'late, v.t. Make a detailed comparison
between (two books etc.). (kɔ'leit).

col'lateral, 1. a. To do with but less important
than; of same family but different
branch(es). C. security, SECURITY for
debt given in addition to one's word,
agreement. 2. n. C. relation. (kɔ'latərəl).

col'lation, n. Small, gen. cold, meal.
(kə'leiʃn).

'colleague, n. One of two or more persons
working together or having like position
in same organization. ('kɔli:g).

'collect, n. Short PRAYER of
Church of Rome or England fixed for certain day.
('kɔlekt).

col'lect, v.t.&i. Get, come, together; get
from number of persons; c. examples of to
keep; get (thoughts, oneself) in order,
under control. '-ed, a. Sp., self-controlled.
'-ion, n. Sp., money collected at meeting;
group of collected examples. '-ive, a.
Having to do with, or done by, a group.
'-ivism, n. Political system in which
nation is owner of all property. '-or, n.
Sp., c. of examples. (kə'lekt).

'colleen, n. Irish country girl. ('kɔli:n).

'college, n. Separate body of learners and
teachers forming part of a university;
school for higher education; buildings
of any c. C. of cardinals, the body of 70
helping POPE. col'legiate (kə'li:dʒiit),
a. Of, to do with, a college. ('kɔlidʒ).

col'lide, v.i. Come violently together,
or against (c. with). col'lision, n. (kə'laid).

'collie, n. Scot. sheep-dog. ('kɔli).

'collier, n. Coal-miner; coal-ship. '-y, n.
Coal-mine. ('kɔliə).

collo'cation, n. Grouping; group, sp. of
words. (kɔlə'keiʃn).

'colloid, n. Any of a group of substances
(of which white of egg is an example)
having a certain physical structure and
special properties. ('kɔlɔid).

'collop, n. Small bit of meat cut for cooking.
('kɔləp).

'colloquy, n. A talk between persons.
col'loquial (kə'loukwiəl), a. (Of words)
used in common everyday talk. col'loquialism,
n. (Use of) such word(s). ('kɔləkwi).

col'lusion, n. Secret agreement, for wrong
purpose, sp. between persons seeming to
be against one another. (kə'lu:ʒn).

'colon, n. Lower part of greater INTESTINE.
('koulən).

'colon, n. Stop used in writing, printing (:).

'colonel, n. Military man in position higher
than MAJOR.
('kə:nl).

colon'nade, n.
Line of COLUMNS
supporting
a roof.
(kɔlə'neid).

'colony, n. Group
which has gone
out to new
country for
purpose of
living there; nation so formed which
is still under government of mother
country; persons of another country
or of one trade living in a town; group
of birds, animals, living together.
co'lonial, 1. a. 2. n. Person of a colony.
'colonist, n. Person of new colony.
'colonize, v.t.&i. Get a colony started
in, go out as colonists to. ('kɔləni).

colo'ration, n. Colour, distribution of
colours, of thing. (kʌlə'reiʃn).

co'lossus, n. Form of man much greater
than natural size cut in stone etc.; person
of great size. co'lossal, a. Of great size,
degree. (kə'1ɔsəs).

'colour, 1. n. Sense effect produced on
eye by rays of light; any one of the
separate effects produced by the
different rays of which light is formed;
(in art) colouring substance, paint;
natural red colour of face; (of event, act)
air of reason. Cc., sp., flag of army unit or
ship; coloured band etc. as sign of group;
a high c., a very red face; come off with
flying cc., do very well; in its etc. true
cc., as it truly is; local c., (in writing)
details giving special qualities of place.
2. v.t.&i. Give c. to, put c. on; become
coloured; (of face, person) become
red with shame etc.; give a special
quality to, freq. false. Coloured (person),
(one) of a dark-skinned group, sp.
African. '-able, a. Having a false air of
reason etc. 'c.-blind, a. Unable to see
certain colours. 'c.-box, n. Box of paints.
'-ing, n. Sp., colour(s) of a thing.
'-ist, n. Painter judged by his use of
colour. '-less, a. Sp., without strongly
marked qualities, uninteresting. 'c.-sergeant,
[Mil.] n. One having care of
COMPANY's flag. ('kʌlə).

colt, n. Young horse. (koult).

'columbine, n. Garden plant with delicate
hanging flowers. ('kɔləmbain).

'column, n. Tall, freq. round, upright
structure, gen. supporting part of building
(see COLONNADE); anything of this
form; division down page, as in newspapers;
line of numbers etc. under one
another; [Mil.] narrow-fronted grouping
of men in lines stretching far back.
co'lumnar (kə'1ʌmnə), a. Of column
form. ('kɔləm).

'coma, n. Unnatural deep sleep or unconscious
condition. '-tose, a. In condition
of or near coma. ('koumə).

comb, 1. n. Toothed instrument for
smoothing or cleaning the hair; part of
machine having c.-like form or purpose;
COCKSCOMB; HONEY-C. 2. v.t. Put c.
through (hair), get in order with c. C. a
place, have a look everywhere in it;
c. out, sp., go through group, etc., taking
out (undesired things, persons). (koum).

'combat, n., v.t.&i. Fight. '-ive, a.
Given to fighting, argument. ('kɔmbat).

combe, n. COOMB.

com'bine, v.t.&i. Put together, make or
get united; have combined in self; get together
(to). 'combine, n. Group formed
for controlling prices or trade. combi'nation,
n. Sp., group; [Math.] any of
different cc. of given size formed from
wider group. Cc., bit of underclothing
covering body and legs; in c., put
together, joined. (kəm'bain).

com'bustible, n., a. (Thing, substance)
able to be burned. (kəm'bʌstibl).

com'bustion, n. Process of burning;
destruction by fire. (kəm'bʌstʃən).

come (came, come), v.i. Be moving, get,
to certain point, time, condition (from
point of view of one there); take place,
be; get to be (gen. c. about). C. before, sp.,
come to the attention of, sp. an authority;
c. by, sp., get; c. down, sp., be handed
down from the past; c. easy, natural, to,
be done by readily, without training,
trouble; c. forward, sp., make offer of
help; c. from (a place, family), sp., be
of; c. home to, sp., become very clear
to; c. in (handy, useful), sp., be of
use for some purpose; c. in for, sp., get,
be given; c. into, sp., get (property) by
another's death etc.; c. of, c. from; be
the outcome of; c. of age, become of AGE;
c. off, sp., have the desired outcome;
c. off well (badly), sp., do well (badly);
c. on, sp., c. across; (of plants) be doing
well in growth; c. out, sp., (of girl)
go into society for first time; c. out
with, sp., say suddenly, openly; c. round,
sp., become conscious again; c. to, sp.,
c. round; be equal, amounting, to; c. to
(be, have, etc.), c. into condition of being
etc.; c. to a head, sp., come to full development,
bursting-point; c. to life,
become conscious, awake, again; c. to
light, be made discovery of; c. to pass, c.
about; c. to terms, come to agreement;
c. true, become fact; c. up, sp., come
under discussion; c. up with, overtake;
where do I c. in?, what about my interests,
part? years etc. to come, future years etc.
2. int. Used in comforting or pointing
out that person is being foolish. 'c.-back,
n. Crushing answer; a coming back to
one's earlier powers, position. 'c.-down,
n. Downfall, shame. (kʌm (keim)).

'comedy, n. Play designed to give amusement;
this branch of letters. co'median
(kə'mi:diən), n. Actor whose purpose is
to get laughs. comedi'enne, n. Female
comedian. ('kɔmidi).

'comely, a. (Of person) pleasing to the
eye. ('kʌmli).

co'mestible, n. Thing for food.
(kə'mestibl).

'comet, n. Star-like body with tail of
light, moving round sun. ('kɔmit).

'comfort, 1. n. Kind, helping words etc.
to one in trouble; condition of having
what is needed for physical well-being;
thing giving c. 2. v.t. Give c. to, make
less sad. '-able, a. (Of things) giving
comfort to body; (of person) in comfort;
untroubled. '-er, n. Sp., long wool
band for putting round neck. 'comfy,
[Com.] a. Comfortable. ('kʌmfət).

'comic, 1. a. Designed to give, causing,
amusement; to do with COMEDY. 2. n.
C. person. '-al, a. Causing amusement.
('kɔmik).

'comity, n. Behaviour marked by kind
feeling, respect, for others. ('kɔmiti).

'comma, n. Sign for stop in printing,
writing. (,). ('kɔmə).

com'mand, 1. v.t.&i. Give order(s) to;
have authority over; keep control of
(feelings, oneself); have at need; give
feeling of (respect, etc.); (of place) be in
a high position overlooking, controlling.
2. n. Order; authority, control, sp.
military; power of control (over
language etc.); part of an army under
someone's c. comman'dant (kɔmən'dant),
n. Person in command of some
special military undertaking. comman'deer,
v.t. Take (stores, animals,
etc.) for military purposes. '-er, n. Sp.,
man having position in sea force over
LIEUTENANT. '-er-in-'chief, n. Commander
of all military forces of nation
or undertaking; commander of all war-ships
of a station. '-ing, a. Sp., having
an air of authority. '-meat, n. (In
BIBLE) any of the 10 laws recorded by
Moses. (kə'ma:nd).

com'memorate, v.t. Keep (person, event)
in memory by some special act; be in
memory of. (kə'meməreit).

com'mence, v.t.&i. Make a start at; be
started. '-ment, n. Sp., start. (kə'mens).

com'mend, v.t. Give warm approval to.
C. to person's care, put in care of person.
'-able, a. Having a right to approval.
commen'dation, n. Sp., words commending.
(kə'mend).

com'mensurable, a. Able to be measured
in same way, of like sort; in right relation
of size (to). com'mensurate, a.
Commensurable; covering same (amount
of) space. (kə'menʃərəbl).

'comment, 1. n. Something said about
a thing, sp., making point in book etc.
clear. 2. v.i. Make c(c). (on). '-ary, n.
Writing, talk, commenting on book,
events. '-ator, n. One making commentary.
('kɔment).

'commerce, n. Trade, sp. between countries.
Have c. with, have business or
other relations with. com'mercial, a.
C. traveller, man sent out with examples
of goods to get trade for business house.
com'mercialism, n. Sp., quality of
viewing everything from business angle.
com'mercialize, v.t. Make use of for
money-making. ('kɔmə:s).

com'mingle, v.t.&i. MINGLE. (kɔ'mingl).

com'miserate, v.t.&i. Have, say one has,
feeling for (person in trouble) (freq. c.
with). commise'ration, n. (Statement
of) such feeling. (kə'mizəreit).

commis'sar, n. Head of a government
branch in U.S.S.R. (kɔmi'sa:).

'commissary, n. Person to whom special
authority or work is given by higher
authority, sp. (in army) one in control
of food and stores. commis'sariat
(kɔmi'seəriət), n. Branch of army
responsible for food and stores.
('kɔmisəri).

com'mission, 1. n. The giving of authority,
special work, to a person; work,
authority, orders, given to person; the
doing (of a crime); position of authority,
sp. military, given by special paper from
ruler; body given special power by
government to go into certain question
or do certain work; payment to person
acting for another based on amount of
business done. 2. v.t. Give c. to (to do).
-'aire, n. Door porter in hotel etc. '-er,
n. One of government commission;
highest representative of government in
place or branch. (kə'miʃn).

com'mit, v.t. Do (a crime or wrong act);
send to prison; put into position of
having committed oneself. C. oneself,
make oneself responsible for opinion
etc., or for undertaking; c. to, give into
the care of; give up to (waves, flames);
c. to memory, get by heart; c. to writing,
put down in writing. '-ment, n. Sp., undertaking
to do. '-tal, n. Committing to
prison; committing of oneself. (kə'mit).

com'mittee, n. Body of persons given
special work, powers, by a greater body.
Go into c., have meeting of c. (kə'miti).

com'mode, n. Chest of drawers; box-seat
with bedroom pot in it. com'modious,
a. With enough space for comfort.
(kə'moud).

com'modity, n. Anything which may be
traded, sp. thing commonly needed.
(kə'mɔditi).

'commodore, n. Man in sea force having
position between CAPTAIN and REAR-ADMIRAL.
('kɔmədɔ:).

'common, 1. a. Being the property of,
having to do with, used by, all of a
group, public; frequently come across,
not strange or special; (of persons) of
low birth, behaviour; of c. persons.
C. law, part of Eng. law based on past
decisions of judges; c. noun, [Lang.] one
which is not the name of any special
person, place etc.; c. sense, general
power of judging wisely; c. time, [Mus.]
having 2 or 4 BEATS in a unit of rhythm.
2. n. Public grassland on which animals
may be put out; open bit of waste land.
Have in c. (with), have as c, property or
a c. quality; short cc., very little food; the
Cc., that body of the two forming Eng.
PARLIAMENT in which the representatives
get their places by public ELECTION.
'-alty, n. The general public, the
masses. '-er, n. One not of the NOBILITY.
'-ly, adv. Generally, frequently; like a
common person. '-place, 1. n. Everyday
saying. 2. a. Common, uninteresting.
'c.-room, n. General living-room of
school or college. '-wealth, n. Nation,
sp. with representative government;
group of separate nations under one
head. ('kɔmən).

com'motion, n. Noise and motion; mass
outburst. (kə'mouʃn).

'commune, n. Small division of country
forming unit for purposes of government.
'communal, a. Sp., of, for, the
public, common use. 'communalism,
n. Theory of government by free, separate
communes. com'mune, v.i. Have
private talk, feeling of being one, (with).
com'munion, n. Sp., the taking of
bread and wine in the Christian Church
in memory of the death of Christ; group
united by religion etc. com'munity, n.
Group of persons living in same place
under same government, political or
other; group having same religion,
business, etc.; condition of having things
in common. ('kɔmju:n).

oom'municate, v.t.&i. Give (quality,
motion, feeling, news, to); get, keep, in
touch (with); (of rooms) have common
door; (of door, road, etc.) make connection
(with); take church COMMUNION.
com'municable, a. com'municant, n.
One communicating, sp. in church.
communi'cation, n. Sp., news etc.
communicated; communicating road,
railway, etc. com'municative, a.
Ready to give news, talking freely.
(kə'mju:nikeit).

com'muniqué, n. Public statement made
by authority about event of general
interest. (kə'mju:nikei).

'communism, n. (Belief in) system of
society in which there is no private
property and work is controlled for the
common good. ('kɔmjunizm).

com'mute, v.t.&i. Get exchanged (for);
make (time in prison) shorter; [Am.] go to
work every day by train. Commutation
ticket, [Am.] SEASON ticket. (kə'mju:t).

'compact, n. A fixed agreement.
('kɔmpakt).

com'pact, a. (Of substance) very solid;
so made as to take up least possible
space; (of persons, animals) well-made.
'compact, n. Box with cake of face-powder
for handbag. (kəm'pakt).

com'panion, 1. n. Person, animal, with
another; friend frequently with person;
woman living with another for payment;
one of 2 like things going together.
2. v.t. Be a c. to, go about with.
'-able, a. Taking pleasure in company,
good as a companion. 'c.-way, n. Opening
with steps going down into lower
part of ship. (kəm'panjən).

'company, n. Being with another or
others; those one is with; group of
persons together; body united for business
purposes (in names, freq. Co.);
group of actors acting together; division
of army under CAPTAIN. Be good
(bad) c., be interesting, (uninteresting);
in c., sp., together; keep c., be sweethearts;
keep person c., be with person;
part c., go away from one another; ship's
c., all the sailors on a ship. ('kʌmpəni).

com'pare, 1. v.t.&i. See, say, in what
way(s) (one thing) is like (another); put
side by side for this purpose. Can't c.
with, is far from being as good (bad) as;
c. a.'s, adv.'s, [Lang.] give forms representative
of different degrees of; c. well,
etc. with, seem good when compared with.
2. n. Comparison (only beyond c. etc.).
'comparable ('kɔmprəbl), a. Sp., not far
from being as good etc. com'parative, a.,
n. Based on comparing; as compared with
others; (of) form of a.'s and adv.'s used for
greater or less degree. com'parison, n.
Comparing; comparative statement; condition
of being comparable. (kəm'peə).

com'partment, n. Walled-off division of
a space, sp. room-like c. in railway-COACH,
ship. (kəm'pa:tmənt).

'compass, 1. n. Instrument with needle
pointing N. by attraction, used to get
direction; 2-legged instrument for making
circles, measuring distances between
points (gen. cc.); range. 2. v.t. Give
effect to (purpose), make take place;
(of brain) take in. ('kʌmpəs).

com'passion, n. Feeling for one in
trouble. '-ate, a. Having compassion.
(kəm'paʃn).

com'patible, a. Able to be true or in
existence together (with). (kəm'patibl).

com'patriot, n. Person of the same
country as another. (kəm'patriət).

com'peer, n. An equal. (kɔm'piə).

com'pel, v.t. Make to do, freq. by force;
make take place. (kəm'pel).

com'pendium, n. Short account of
greater work etc. com'pendious, a.
(Of writing) short but detailed.
(kəm'pendiəm).

'compensate, v.t.&i. Have effect of
balancing; make payment etc. to
(person) for loss or damage. compen'sation,
n. Sp., compensating thing or
payment. compen'satory, a. Compensating.
('kəmpənseit).

com'pete, v.i. Make attempt to do or be
better than other(s); take part with
others in test with rules. compe'tition,
n. Sp., test in which persons compete.
com'petitive, a. Of, by, offered for,
competition; have tendency to compete.
com'petitor, n. (kəm'pi:t).

'competent, a. Having necessary qualities,
authority (to do, for work etc.);
able. 'competence, 'competency, nn.
Condition of being competent. A c.,
money enough for living on. ('kɔmpitnt).

com'pile, v.t. Get (facts etc.) together for
book; make (such book). (kəm'pail).

com'placent, a. Pleased with oneself.
com'placence, com'placency, nn.
(kəm'pleisnt).

com'plain, v.i. Make protest(s). C. of,
sp., say one has (pain etc.). '-ant, n.
PLAINTIFF. '-t, n. Protest; a disease.
(kəm'plein).

com'plaisant, a. Ready to do what is
pleasing to others. (kəm'pleiznt).

'complement, n. That which makes a
thing complete; full number needed,
sp., sailors for ship; amount by which
angle is less than right angle. comple-'ment,
v.t. Be a c. to. comple'mentary,
a. C. colours, those which put together as
light make white. ('kɔmplimənt).

com'plete, 1. a. Having all its parts;
ended, done; very great. 2. v.t. Make c.
(kəm'pli:t).

'complex, 1. a. Made up of parts; not
simple, hard to get clear, straight. 2. n.
C. thing; [Sc.] fixed idea having unhealthy
effect on mind, the outcome of
some past experience which has not been
fully faced. ('kɔmpleks).

com'plexion, n. Natural colour and quality
of skin of face; general look of a
thing. (kəm'plekʃn).

com'pliance, com'pliant. See COMPLY.

'complicate, v.t. Make complex, hard.
'-d, a. compli'cation, n. Sp., complicating
event, position. ('kɔmplikeit).

com'plicity, n. Condition of helping in
crime, wrongdoing. (kəm'plisiti).

'compliment, n. Words of warm approval;
act having the effect of c. With
cc., (used at end of letter etc.) with kind
feeling, respect. compli'ment, v.t. Give
c(c). to. compli'mentary, a. C. ticket
etc., free one. ('kɔmplimənt).

com'ply, v.i. Do as requested or ordered
(c. with request etc.). com'pliant, a.
With a tendency to comply readily.
(kəm'plai).

com'ponent, 1. a. Forming part of some
thing. 2. n. C. part. (kəm'pounənt).

com'port, v.t.&i. Only c. oneself, be in
behaviour; c. with, be in harmony with.
(kəm'pɔ:t).

com'pose, v.t.&i. (Of parts) make
(something); make up (work of letters,
music); c. music; make words with
(printer's letters) for printing; get
(thoughts, feelings, self) under control.
C. their etc. differences, come to an agreement.
'-d, a. (Of person, face) controlled,
untroubled. '-r, n. Sp., writer
of music. 'composite, a. Composed of
different parts or materials. com'posi-tor,
n. Printer's composer. com'posure,
n. Composed behaviour or condition of
mind. (kəm'pouz).

compo'sition, n. COMPOSING, sp. art of
writing or writing music; anything
made by composition; what a thing is
made of; complex substance, sp., one
used in place of natural one. Make a c.,
sp., make agreement to make or take less
payment than amount of debt.
(kɔmpə'ziʃn).

'compos 'mentis, [L.] Normal in mind,
not off one's head. ('kɔmpɔs 'mentis).

'compote, n. Fruit cooked in water with
sugar. ('kɔmpout).

'compound, n. Walled-in space round
building(s), sp. in India. ('kɔmpaund).

'compound, 1. a. Made of a number of
substances or parts. 2. n. C. thing.

com'pound, v.i.&t. Become, get (substances
etc.), mixed together to make
something new; make by compounding;
make adjustment about payment of
(debt) by agreement. (kəm'paund).

compre'hend, v.t. See clearly with the
mind; have as part(s), have in it. com-pre'hensible,
a. Clear to the mind.
compre'hension, n. Sp., mind's power
of comprehending; range. compre'hen-sive,
a. Of wide range, taking in much.
(kɔmpri'hend).

com'press, v.t. Get forced together, put
into smaller space; (of writings) make
shorter. 'compress, n. Wet cloth put
over wound etc. (kəm'pres).

com'prise, v.t. Be formed of, have as or
among its parts, be covering. (kəm'praiz).

'compromise, 1. n. Middle way or view
between two opposite ones; agreement
based on c. 2. v.i.&t. Make a c.; do
something which puts good name of
(oneself, another) in doubt.
('kɔmprəmaiz).

comp'troller, n. Overseer of accounts of
certain public bodies. (kən'troulə).

com'pulsion, n. Forcing person(s) to do.
Under, upon, c., because one is forced.
com'pulsory, a. Done, acting, under
compulsion: necessary by rule.
(kəm'pʌlʃn).

com'punction, n. Feeling of regret for
wrongdoing, pain caused to oneself.
(kəm'pʌŋkʃn).

com'pute, v.t. Get (number, amount)
worked out. (kəm'pju:t).

'comrade, n. Friend one is much with;
equal with whom one does work etc.
'c.-in-'arms, n. Comrade in fighting.
('kɔmrid).

con, v.t. Get by heart, be reading (book,
etc.). (kɔn).

co'nation, [Sc.] n. Act of desiring joined
with purpose to do. 'conative, a. To do
with conation. (kou'neiʃn).

con'catenate, v.t. Get joined together as
in chain. concate'nation, n. Sp., chain
of events. (kɔn'katineit).

'concave, a. (Of plane or line) curving in
(like inside of ball or circle). ('kɔŋkeiv).

con'ceal, v.t. Put out of view, keep
secret. (kən'si:l).

con'cede, v.t. Let have by giving up right
to; give way on (point in argument etc.).
con'cession, n. Sp., land, rights, given
by government. (kən'si :d).

con'ceit, n. Over-high opinion of oneself;
strange comparison, idea. Out of c. with,
no longer pleased with. (kən'si:t).

con'ceive, v.t.&i. Get (thought, idea)
formed in the mind; become with young.
con'ceivable, a. Able to be conceived
in the mind. (kən'si:v).

'concentrate, v.t.&i. Get, come, together
at one point; put all one's power,
attention, on something; (of liquids)
make stronger by boiling away etc. '-d,
a. concen'tration, n. Sp., power of concentrating
attention. C. camp, one where
persons, sp. prisoners, are concentrated
so that they may be looked after with
less trouble. ('kɔnsəntreit).

con'centric, a. Having a common middle
point. (kən'sentrik).

'concept, n. Idea of a quality common
to group of things. con'ception, n. (Act
of forming) an idea; becoming with
young. con'ceptual, a. ('kɔnsept).

con'cern, 1. v.t. Have a relation to, be
about; be important to. Concerned
about, troubled about; concerned in,
having a part in; concerned with, sp., interested
in; concern oneself in, with, be
concerned in, with. 2. n. Connection
(with), interest (in); thing which concerns
one; business house, undertaking.
'-ing, prep. About. (kən'sə:n).

'concert, n. United condition; a giving of
music, songs, in public. In c., together.
con'cert, v.t. Make designs for, gen.
in agreement with other persons. con'certed,
a. Designed, done, by number together. ('kɔnsət).

concer'tina, n. Wind-instrument of music
like ACCORDION played by pushing and
pulling. (kɔnsə'ti:nə).

con'certo, n. Bit of music for one chief
instrument supported by others.
(kən'tʃa:tou).

con'cession. See CONCEDE.

conch, n. Sorts of great SEA-SHELL with
pointed end. (kɔŋk).

con'ciliate, v.t. Get approval, kind feeling,
of, by pleasing acts, words; make peace
between in such way. concili'ation, n.
Sp., making peace between persons.
(kən'silieit).

con'cise, a. (Of writing, talk) saying in
small number of words. (kən'sais).

'conclave, n. Meeting of group for private
discussion. ('kɔŋkleiv).

con'clude, v.t.&i. (Make) come to an
end; come to belief (that) by reasoning;
make (agreement, peace, etc.). con'clusion,
n. Sp., opinion come to by
reasoning. con'clusive, a. (Of argument,
fact) putting an end to doubts,
argument. (kən'klu:d).

con'coct, v.t. Make by getting substances,
sp. liquids, mixed; make up (story); get
(design etc.) worked out. '-ion, n. Sp.,
concocted liquid. (kən'kɔkt).

con'comitant, n., a. (Condition) going
with another. (kən'kɔmitnt).

'concord, n. Harmony, agreement. con'cordance,
n. Sp. list, in ABC order, of
words used in a book, sp. BIBLE.
con'cordant, a. in concord (with).
con'cordat, n. Agreement between
Church and Government. ('kɔŋkɔ:d).

'concourse, n. A coming together of a
great number of persons. ('kɔŋkɔ:s).

'concrete, a. To do with material things,
facts, as opp. ideas. C. noun, [Lang.] name
of thing as opp. quality etc. ('kɔŋkri:t).

'concrete, n. Very hard building substance
made of small stones, sand etc.,
mixed together with CEMENT.

'concubine, n. Woman living with man
she is not married to; (in E.) woman
kept by man but not having full married
rights. con'cubinage (kən'kju:binidʒ),
n. Condition of being a concubine.
('kɔŋkjubain).

con'cur, v.i. Be present, take place,
together; be in agreement (with). '-rent
(kən'kʌrənt), a. (kən'kə:).

con'cussion, n. Violent shaking, shock;
damage to brain by blow (kən'kʌʃn).

con'demn, v.t. Say that (person) has
done, is, wrong; [Law] give decision
ordering punishment of; be a sign of
wrongdoing of (his looks c. him); say as
authority that (house etc.) is not in good
enough condition for use. condem'nation,
n. (kən'dem).

con'dense, v.t.&i. Get into smaller
space (sp. substance of book etc.);
make, be made, from gas into liquid, or
from thin liquid into thick. '-r, n. Sp.,
vessel, apparatus, for making steam
into water; electric apparatus for storing
current till it has a certain power;
curved glass(es) making numbers of
light-rays come together. (kən'dens).

conde'scend, v.i. Be kind enough (to do) as
one better than such things; come down
to level of, be consciously kind to, persons
in lower position. '-ing, a. With air
of condescending. (kɔndi'send).

con'dign, a. (Of punishment etc.) equal
to crime. (kən'dain).

'condiment, n. Strong-tasting substance
put on food. ('kɔndimənt).

con'dition, 1. n. Fact, event, on the existence
of which another is dependent;
something put forward as c. of agreement,
undertaking; way of being, living;
position in society. In, out of, c., in good,
bad, c.; on c. that, if. 2. v.t. Be the or a c.
of, have effect on. '-al, a. Dependent on
a condition. C. clause, [Lang.] one
making "if" statement. (kən'diʃn).

con'dole, v.i. Say kind words to person in
trouble (gen. c. with). '-nce, n. Sp., thing
said in c. (kən'doul).

con'done, v.t. Give support to (wrongdoing)
by overlooking; (of acts) have
effect of balancing (error etc.). (kən 'doun).

'condor, n. Great S. Am. VULTURE.
('kɔndɔ:).

con'duce, v.i. Only c. to, have tendency to
give help in producing, effecting.
(kən'dju:s).

'conduct, n. One's acts, behaviour; controlling
of business etc. con'duct, v.t.
Be guide to, take (person somewhere);
be in control of (business, etc.); be
guiding the playing of (band, music);
[Sc.] (of substances) send on, let through
(heat, electric current, etc.). C. oneself
badly etc., be bad etc. in behaviour.
con'duction, [Sc.] n. Conducting of heat,
liquid etc. con'ductor, n. Sp., person
responsible for tickets, keeping order, on
autobus, etc. ('kɔndʌkt).

'conduit, n. Great pipe or other man-made
waterway. ('kɔndjuit).

cone, n. Solid form with round flat base,
sloping up to
point at top;
any c.-like thing,
sp., fruit of some
evergreen trees.
'conic ('kɔnik), a.
Of cones. (koun).

con'fabulate, v.i.
Have talk together. (kən'fabjuleit).

con'fection, n. An ornamented sweet or
cake. '-er, n. Trader in sweets, cakes
etc. '-ery, n. Such goods. (kən'fekʃn).

con'federate, 1. a. United by an agreement.
2. n. One helping another, sp. in crime. 3.
(kɔn'fedəreit), v.t.&i. Get, become, united
as group. confederacy, n. Group of confederate
nations. confede'ration, n.
Sp., confederacy. (kən'fedərit).

con'fer, v.t.&i. Give (name, right, etc.)
to one in lower position (c. on); come
together for discussion. 'conference, n.
Meeting for discussion. (kən'fə:).

con'fess, v.t.&i. Make statement of
(something about oneself, sp. wrongdoing);
make full statement of wrongdoing,
sp., to man of religion; (of man of
religion) give hearing to (one confessing).
'-edly, adv. As confessed. '-ion, n. Sp.,
what is confessed. '-ional, n. Box in
church where confessions are made.
'-or, n. Sp., man of religion hearing confessions.
(kən'fes).

con'fetti, n. Small bits of brightly coloured
paper rained on persons at time of
general pleasure-making. (kən'feti).

con'fide, v.t.&i. Give (secret to); give
into the care of. C. in, give secret(s) to;
put belief in. confl'dant(e), nn. Man
(woman) to whom one confides one's
private business, secrets. 'confidence,
n. Sp., secret etc. confided; strong
belief; belief in oneself. In c., as being
a secret; in-ewe's c., being one's confidant.
'confident, a. Having confidence,
certain. confi'dential, a. To be kept
secret; in the confidence of another
(c. secretary etc.) con'fiding, a. Open,
ready to confide. (kən'faid).

configu'ration, n. Form of a thing, outline.
(kənfigju'reiʃn).

con'fine, v.t. Keep to limits; keep shut
up. 'confine, n. Limit, edge (freq. cc.).
'-d, a. Sp., in bed to give birth to baby.
'-ment, n. Sp., giving birth. (kən'fain).

con'firm, v.t. Make (belief etc.) certain or
stronger; make (person) more fixed (in
belief, ways); get (agreement etc.) fixed,
by signing etc.; give church CONFIRMATION
to. coafir'mation, n. Sp., statement
confirming; special form in Christian
Church by which undertaking given for
person at BAPTISM is consciously
confirmed by him. (kən'fə:m).

'confiscate, v.t. (Of government) take
(private property) as punishment; take
away by authority. ('kɔnfiskeit).

confla'gration, n. A great fire causing
destruction. (kɔnflə'greiʃn).

'conflict, n. A fight, fighting; (of opinions
etc.) condition of being opposite, against.
con'flict, v.i. (Of opinions etc.) be out of
harmony, in c. (with). ('kɔnflikt).

'confluent, 1. a. (Of roads, rivers, tendencies)
coming together into one. 2. n. C.
river. 'confluence, Sp., meeting-place
of rivers. ('kɔnfluənt).

con'form, v.t.&i. Make, be, in harmony;
c. oneself (to something). '-able, a.
Conformed to something. confor'mation,
n. Sp., thing's structure. '-ist, n.
One who conforms to Church of England.
'-ity, n. Sp., harmony, agreement
(with, to). (kən'fɔ:m).

con'found, v.t. Get (ideas) mixed up; put
at a loss; FRUSTRATE. '-ed, [Com.] a.
Used as sign of angry feeling against
thing. (kən'faund).

confra'ternity, n. Group united for some
purpose, sp. religion. (kɔnfrə'tə:niti).

'confrère, [F.] n. One in same sort of
business, work, as another. ('kɔnfreə).

con'front, v.t. Be, come, face to face. C.
(person) with, make c. him. (kən'frʌnt).

con'fuse, v.t. Put into condition without
order; get (person) mixed in his ideas, put
at a loss; get (things) mixed in one's mind,
take (thing) for another. (kən'fju:z).

con'fute, v.t. Make clear that (person,
argument) is in error. (kən'fju:t).

con'geal, v.t.&i. Make, become, solid,
sp. as effect of cold or air. (kən'dʒi:l).

con'genial, a. (Of persons) having qualities
in harmony with (one) another; (of
work etc.) in harmony with one's tastes.
congeni'ality, n. (kən'dʒi:niəl).

con'genital, a. Such, (of diseases, qualities)
present, from birth. (kən'dʒenitl).

'conger, n. Great sea EEL. ('kɔngə).

con'geries, n. Mass, group. (kən'dʒiəri:z).

con'gestion, n. Condition of not having
enough space between (number of
things); [Med.] being overfull of blood
(of part of body). con'gested, a. In
condition of congestion. (kən'dʒestʃən).

conglomerate, 1. a., n. (Formed into)
a mass, ball. 2. (kən'gbməreit), v.t.&i.
Get into a c. conglome'ration,
n. Mass. (kən'glɔmerit).

con'gratulate, v.t. Say to (person) that
one is pleased about some happy event
etc. for him. congratu'lation, n. Sp.,
words congratulating. (kən'gratjuleit).

'congregate, v.t.&i. (Make) come
together in a great number. congre'gation,
n. Sp., persons congregated in
church. congre'gational, a. (Of church
organization) in which separate churches
have self-government. ('kɔŋgrigeit).

'congress, n. Meeting of representatives for
discussion; law-making body of U.S.A.
(C.). con'gressional, a. ('kɔŋgres).

'congruent, a. In agreement, harmony,
(with); (of forms in geometry) equal in
every way. con'gruity, 'congruence,
nn. ('kɔŋgruənt).

'conic, a. See CONE.

'conifer, n. Evergreen tree with fruit in
form of CONE. ('kounifə).

con'jecture, v.i.&t., n. Put forward (as)
one's idea, theory, about thing of which
facts are uncertain. (kən'dʒektʃə).

'conjoint, a. Joined, united. ('kɔndʒɔint).

'conjugal, a. Having to do with the
married condition. ('kɔndʒugl).

'conjugate, [Lang.] 1. v.t.&i. Give the
forms of v.; (of v.) have such forms,
be conjugated. 2. ('kɔndsugit), n., a.
(Word) with same root as another.
conju'gation, n. Sp., system of v.
forms. ('kɔndʒugeit).

con'junction, n. Uniting, connection;
taking place together; [Lang.] word used
for joining other words or statements.
con'junctive, a. Joining. con'juncture,
n. Position, condition, of things at a
certain time. (kən'dʒʌnkʃən).

conjuncti'vitis, n. Disease of skin joining
EYELID to eyeball. (kəndʒʌŋkti'vaitis).

'conjure, v.t.&i. Get (shade of dead
person) to come by conjuring; do tricks
producing seemingly MAGIC effects. C. up,
sp., make (picture) come before the mind
or memory. con'jure (kɔn'dʒuə), v.t.
Make request very seriously to (person
to do). '-r, 'conjuror, n. One who does
conjuring tricks. ('kʌndʒə).

con'nect, v.t.&i. Get, become, be, joined
(with); see (different things) as having
some relation to one another. '-ed, a.
Sp., (of talk etc.) with clear thread.
'-ion, n. Sp., connecting part; relation,
sp. of thought; one of another branch of,
or married into, family; body of persons
doing business with store etc.; change
from one train etc. to another at certain
point on journey. (kə'nekt).

con'nive, v.i. Give help in wrongdoing by
seeming not to see it. (kə'naiv).

connois'seur, n. A good judge on questions
of taste. (kɔni'sə:).

con'note, v.t. (Of words) give suggestion
of (quality etc.) in addition to the
straightforward sense; (of facts) be a
sign of, as outcome or condition; have
the sense of. conno'tation, n. Sp., what
is connoted. (kə'nout).

con'nubial, a. CONJUGAL. (kə'nju:biəl).

'conquer, v.t.&i. Overcome, get (place),
by force, sp. in war; get control of (one's
feelings etc.). 'conquest, n. Conquering;
thing got by c.; person overcome
by attractions of another. ('kɔŋkə).

consan'guinity, n. Connection by birth.
consan'guineous, a. (kɔnsaŋ'gwiniti).

'conscience, n. Sense of right and wrong,
sp. as judging oneself, one's acts. C.
money, money given because c. is
troubled; have on one's c., have one's c.
troubled about. consci'entious (kɔnʃi'enʃəs),
a. Guided by conscience; doing
things well and with care. C. objector,
one whose conscience keeps him from
taking part in war. ('kɔnʃəns).

'conscious, a. Having knowledge (of, that)
sp., by experiencing; awake, experiencing
feeling; of which one is c. '-ness, n. Sp.,
all a person's thoughts, feelings, knowledge;
conscious knowledge. ('kɔnʃəs).

con'script, v.t. Make (men) go into
military forces by law. 'conscript, n.
Man taken into forces by conscripting.
(kən'skript).

'consecrate, v.t. Give, by special forms, to
GOD; give up (to purpose). ('kɔnsikreit).

con'secutive, a. Coining one after another,
(of account etc.) giving events in their
right order. (kən'sekjutiv).

con'sensus, n. General agreement (of
opinion etc.). (kən'sensəs).

con'sent, 1. v.i. Give agreement (to), say
"yes." 2. n. Consenting. (kən'sent).

'consequence, n. Outcome, effect, of
something earlier; important position in
society etc. In c. of, because of; of no c.,
unimportant; take the cc., put up with
the effects. 'consequent, a. Coming after
as a consequence. conse'quential, a.
Sp., self-important. ('kɔnsikwəns).

con'serve, 1. v.t. Keep from change or
destruction. 2. n. Fruit kept good by cooking
etc. in sugar. con'servancy, n. Committee
controlling river, harbour etc.
conservative, n., a. (Person) against
change, sp., political. C. Party, one of
chief Brit. political groups. (kən'sə:v).

con'servatory, n. Glass-house for delicate
plants; public school of music.
(kən'sə:vətri).

con'sider, v.t.&i. Give thought to; take
into account; c. interests of; take to be;
be of the opinion (that). '-able, a. Much,
great. '-ate (kən'sidrit), a. Having care
for others. conside'ration, n. Sp., point
to be taken into account; reward, payment;
quality of being considerate.
'-ing, prep. In view of. (kən'sidə).

con'sign, v.t. Give up (to); send (goods)
by rail etc. (to person etc.). -'ee, n.
Person to whom goods are consigned.
'-ment, n. Sp., goods sent to consignee
at one time. (kən'sain).

con'sist, v.i. Be formed (of). C. in, c.
chiefly or only of. '-ency, n. (Of person's
behaviour, opinions etc.) quality of
being all in harmony, agreement; degree
in which a substance is thick, solid etc.
'-ent, a. (Of persons, their opinions)
having consistency. (kən'sist).

con'sole, v.t. Give comfort to (persons in
trouble). conso'lation, n. Sp., person,
thing, consoling. (kən'soul).

con'solidate, v.t.&i. Make (position etc.)
strong; make (debts, companies etc.)
into one. (kən'sɔlideit).

con'sols, n. pl. United government SECURITIES
of G.B. (kən'sɔlz).

con'sommé, [F.] n. Clear meat soup.
(kən'sɔmei).

'consonance, n. Agreement in sound;
agreement in sense, taste etc. 'consonant,
a. ('kɔnsənəns).

'consonant, n. Any letter other than a, e,
i, o, u; sound of a c. ('kɔnsənənt).

'consort, n. Person married to someone,
sp. a ruler; ship sailing with another.
King, Prince, C., QUEEN's c.; Queen
C., KING'S c. con'sort, v.i. Only c. with,
be much in company of;be in harmony
with. ('kɔnsɔ:t).

con'spectus, n. General view, picture;
short outline of points, etc. (kən'spektəs).

con'spicuous, a. Readily seen, forcing
attention; noted. (kən'spikjuəs).

con'spire, v.i. Make designs together (with
others) for some act against the law, sp.
political; be uniting (to have certain
effect). con'spiracy (kən'spirəsi), n.
Conspiring against the law; design
formed by c. con'spirator, n. Person
conspiring. (kən'spaiə).

'constable, n. Policeman. con'stabulary,
n. Police force. ('kʌnstəbl).

'constancy, n. Quality of being true to
something, not changing. 'constant, a.
Sp., going on all the time, frequent.
'constantly, adv. Sp., frequently.
('kɔnstənsi).

constel'lation, n. Fixed stars forming a
separate group. (kɔnsti'leiʃn).

conster'nation, n. Great surprise and
fear. (kɔnstə'neiʃn).

consti'pation, n. Trouble in clearing
waste from body. 'constipate, v.t. Be
cause of constipation. 'constipated, a.
Having constipation. (kɔnsti'peiʃn).

con'stituency, n. Part of country sending
one representative to PARLIAMENT;
persons in c. making selection of such
representative. con'stituent, n. Person
of constituency. (kən'stitjuənsi).

con'stituent, 1. a. Forming part of complete
thing. C. assembly, one given
power to make, or make changes in,
political system. 2. n. C. part; see
CONSTITUENCY. (kən'stitjuənt).

'constitute, v.t. Give (person) certain
position; get (public body etc.) started,
formed; (of parts) be forming, be. consti'tution,
n. Sp., material, structure, of
thing; person's general physical structure,
tendencies, from the medical point
of view; country's system of government;
general laws on which it is based.
consti'tutional, 1. a. Of, caused by, a
person's constitution; having or limited
by a political constitution; in harmony
with country's constitution. 2. n. Walk
taken to keep healthy. constitutionalism,
n. Support of constitutional
government. ('kɔnstitju:t).

con'strain, v.t. Make (to) do, freq. by force.
'-ed, a. (Of voice, behaviour, etc.) forced,
notnatural. '-t, n. Use of force; keeping
shut up by force; quality of being constrained
in behaviour etc., not natural.
(kən'strein).

con'strict, v.t.&i. Make, become, smaller
or narrower. (kən'strikt).

con'struct, v.t. Put together, make, as in
building. '-ion, n. Sp., thing made;
thing's structure; sense in which a
statement or act is taken; [Lang.] way
of putting words together. '-ional, a. Sp.,
to do with structure. '-ive, a. Sp., with
a tendency to construct, helping with
suggestions, not simply pointing out
errors. (kən'strʌkt).

con'strue, v.t. Take (as having certain
sense); [Lang.] put into other language
or words in such a way as to make the
Structure clear. (kən'stru:).

'consul, n. One or other of 2 heads of
Rom. government before the Empire;
government representative living in another
country for purpose of giving; help
to persons of his country. '-ar ('kɔnsjulə),
a. Of a consul. '-ate, n. Consul's position;
present-day consul's office. ('kɔnsl).

con'sult, v.t.&i. Get the opinion of (freq.
c. wiih); get knowledge from (books etc.);
take into account (person's feelings,
interests etc.). '-ant, n. Sp., medical
man whose work is to give expert
Opinion when requested by another.
'-ative, a. (Of body) for consulting together
and giving opinion. consul'tation,
n. Sp., meeting for c. (kən'sʌlt).

con'sume, v.t. Take in as food or drink;
get used up; make destruction of (as by
flames). Consumed with, full of (desire
etc.). '-r, n. Sp., user as opp. producer.
(kən'sju:m).

con'summate, a. In the highest degree.
'consummate ('konsʌmeit), v.t. Make
complete, put the last touch to.
(kən'sʌinit).

con'sumption, n. Using up; taking in as
food; amount used up; TUBERCULOSIS, sp,
of the chest. con'sumptive, 1. a. Of,
with tendency to, having, consumption.
2. n. C. person. (kən'sʌmpʃn).

'contact, n. (Condition of) touching,
touch; (of persons) being in touch (with).
('kɔntakt).

con'tagion, n. The giving of disease
through touch. con'tagious, a. (Of
disease) given by touch. (kən'teidʒn).

con'tain, v.t. Have in it; (of vessel) be
able to take (amount); keep under control
(self, feelings etc.). (kən'tein).

con'taminate, v.t. Make unclean or
diseased, have bad effect on, by touching
or getting mixed with. (kən'tamineit).

con'temn, v.t. Have no respect for.
(kən'tem).

'contemplate, v.t. Be viewing with eyes
or mind; have as purpose, see as possible
in future. contem'plation, n. Sp., deep
thought. 'contemplative, a. In, given
to, deep thought. ('kɔntəmpleit).

con'temporary, 1. a. Of the time being
talked about, sp., the present; of, living
at, same time (with). 2. n. Person c. with
another. contempo'raneous, a. Of, taking
place at, same time. (kən'tempərəri).

con'tempt, n. Very low opinion of something,
behaviour giving signs of this;
condition of being looked down on. C.
of court, [Law] any act by which rules
of COURT are broken. '-ible, a. Rightly
viewed with contempt. '-uous, a.
(kən'tempt).

con'tend, v.i.&t. Be fighting, in competition,
(with, against); say, as against
another view (that). con'tention, n. Sp.,
view put forward in c. con'tentious, a.
Given to argument. (kən'tend).

con'tent, 1. a. Happy with what one has,
desiring nothing more. C. to, ready to.
2. v.t. Make c., be enough for. 3. n. C.
condition. '-ed, a. Content. (kən'tent).

'content, n. Amount which a vessel is
able to take; what is in vessel, book,
etc.. (freq. cc.); list of cc. of book.
('kɔntent).

con'test, v.t. Make statement, give arguments,
against (statement etc.); have
fight about, take part in competition for.
'contest, n. Fight, competition.
(kən'test).

'context, n. What comes before or after
word, statement, sp. as making sense
clearer. ('kɔntekst).

contiguous, a. Touching, joining. conti'guity,
n. (kən'tigjuəs).

'continent, a. Self-controlled, sp. in relation
to sex. ('kɔntinənt).

'continent, n. Any of the great land masses
forming chief divisions of earth. The C.,
Europe without G. B. conti'nental, a.
Sp., of the Continent.

con'tingent, 1. a. Which may or may not
take place; coming about by chance;
dependent (on condition, event); true
only while present conditions are unchanged.
2. n. One part of military
force etc., being sent somewhere in
stages. con'tingency, n. Sp., contingent
event. (kən'tindʒənt).

con'timie, v.t.&i. Go on with (anything),
go on (to do, doing etc.); c. to be in existence,
go on; take up again, c. after stopping,
sp., talking; be a continuation of.
con'tinual, a. Going on all the time or
very frequently. con'tinuance, n. Sp.,
time of continuing. continu'ation, n.
Sp., part, development, taking something
farther. conti'nuity, n. Being
continuous. con'tinuous, a. Forming
unbroken stretch in space or time.
con'tinuum, n. Unbroken mass of substance
or chain of sense-experience,
events. (kən'tinju:).

con'tort, v.t. Get twisted, forced, out of
normal form. '-ionist, n. Person doing
contortions of body on stage. (kən'tɔ:t).

'contour, n. Plane outline of mountain,
body etc. C. map, one with lines marking
different levels of country. ('kɔntuə).

'contra, prep. Against (in tendency,
feeling etc.). ('kɔntrə).

'contraband, n., a. (Goods) which it is
against the law to take into, out of, a
country; (of) trade in c. ('kɔntrəband).

'contract, n. Agreement made, sp. one
having force of law; business agreement
for producing goods or doing work
at fixed price. con'tract, v.i.&t. Make
a c. (with); get (a disease); make (a
debt); get into (way, relation) (c. a habit,
marriage); make, become, smaller, sp.
by causing parts to comenearer together;
(of words) make, become, shorter by
dropping out part. con'tractile, a.
Able to contract; causing contraction.
con'traction, n. Contracting (in all but
first sense); contracted word. con'tractor,
n. Sp., one doing building by
contract. ('kɔntrakt).

contradict, v.t.&i. Say (statement) is
not so; c. statement of (person); (of
statements, facts) be opposite to, not in
agreement with. (kɔntrə'dikt).

contradis'tinguish, v.t. Make clear by
comparison that (things) are different.
contradis'tinction, n.
(kɔntrədis'tiŋgwiʃ).

con'tralto, n., a. (Person having) voice of
lowest female range. (kən'traltou).

con'traption, [Hum.] n. Strange-looking
machine, apparatus. (kən'trapʃn).

'contrary, 1. a. Opposite in quality,
tendency, or direction. 2. n. On the c.,
quite the opposite; the c., the opposite
of something. 3. adv. In an opposite
way to, against. con'trary (kən'treəri),
a. Given to going contrary to what is
desired. con'trariwise, adv. On the
other hand; in opp. way. ('kɔntrəri).

'contrast, n. Comparison of things which
makes clear their different or opposite
qualities; thing markedly different from
(c. to) another. con'trast, v.t.&i. Make
a c. between; be a contrast (with).
('kɔntra:st).

contra'vene, v.t. Go against (rule, law);
not be in agreement with. (kɔntrə'vi:n).

'contretemps, [F.] n. Bit of trouble, sp.
unlocked for. ('kɔntrətɔŋ).

con'tribute, v.t&i. Give (money etc.)
for common purpose; send in (writing)
to newspaper etc. contri'bution, n. Sp.,
something contributed. (kən'tribju:t).

'contrite, a. Regretting one's wrongdoing.
('kɔntrait).

con'trive, v.t.&i. Get some way of making,
causing. C. to (do etc.), get a way of
(doing). con'trivance, n. Sp., apparatus,
invention. (kən'traiv).

con'trol, 1. n. Power of ordering, ruling,
guiding; dead person talking through
MEDIUM; apparatus by which machine
is controlled. Be in c. (of), have
authority, c., (over). 2. v.t. Have c. of,
authority over; keep back, not let go
completely (feelings etc.). (kən'troul).

'controvert, v.t. Give arguments against,
say one has doubts about. 'controversy,
n. Argument, sp. of public
sort, as in newspapers. contro'versial,
a. Sp., open to argument. ('kɔntrəvə:t).

'contumacy, n. Going against authority.
contu'macious, a. ('kɔntjuməsi).

'contumely, n. Bad language or behaviour
to person; shame put on one.
('kɔntjumh).

con'tusion, n. BRUISE. (kən'tju:ʒn).

co'nundrum, n. Hard question, sp. one
put for amusement; person, thing, hard
to make out. (kə'nʌndrəm).

conva'lescent, n., a. (Person) in last stage
of getting well. conva'lesce, v.i. Be
convalescent. (kɔnvə'lesnt).

con'vene, v.t.&i. Give orders for persons
to come to (meeting); come together for
great meeting. (kən'vi:n).

con'venient, a. Right for one's needs,
comfort. convenience, n. Sp., convenient
thing; PRIVY. (kən'vi:niənt).

'convent, n. Group of women living together
in order of religion; c. building(s).
('kɔnvənt).

con'venticle, n. Meeting(-house) of early
NONCONFORMISTS. (kən'ventiki).

con'vention, n. Great meeting for common
purpose; agreement come to between
groups or nations; form(s) of
behaviour having general support in
society; sign, form, fixed by common use,
agreement. '-al, a. (Of behaviour, ideas)
limited by convention; done only as a
form, without feeling; (of art etc.) sp.,
using conventions. (kən'venʃn).

con'verge, v.i.&t. (Have tendency to)
come together at a point; make c.
(kən'və:dʒ).

'conversant, a. Only c. with, having a
knowledge of. ('kɔnvəsnt).

conver'sation, n. (An) exchange of talk.
'-al, a. Sp., taking pleasure in conversation.
'-alist, n. One good at
conversation. 'conversazi'one ('kɔnvəsatsi'ouni),
n. Meeting for conversation
and music etc. con'verse, v.i. Have
a conversation (with). 'converse, n.
Conversation. (kɔnvə'seiʃn).

'converse, n., a. (Statement, idea) turned
round, put the other way, opposite to
another. ('kɔnvə:s).

con'vert, v.t. Get changed (into); get
beliefs, religion, way of living, of (person)
changed, sp., make Christian. 'convert,
n. Person converted to religion etc. con'version,
n. Sp., converting STOCKS
into different sort. (kən'və:t).

'convex, a. Curved out, opp. CONCAVE.
('kɔnveks).

con'vey, v.t. Take from one place to
another; give (knowledge, news, etc.) to
person; [Law] give full rights to (property)
to another. '-ance, n. Sp., carriage
etc.; [Law] form of agreement
conveying property. (kən'vei).

con'vict, v.t. Make clear that (person) has
done some wrong (freq. c. of); give
decision against in law. 'convict, n.
Convicted prisoner undergoing punishment.
'-ion, n. Sp., law decision against
wrongdoer; strong belief. (kən'vikt).

con'vince, v.t. Make (person) certain (of,
that). con'vincing, a. (kən'vins).

con'vivial, a. Taking pleasure in drinking,
amusement, company; marked by c.
behaviour. (kən'viviəl).

con'voke, v.t. CONVENE (meeting). convo'cation,
n. Sp., name given to certain
sorts of meeting. (kən'vouk).

convo'lution, n. Being twisted round, in
folds; one fold. (konvə'lu:ʃn).

con'voy, v.t. (Of warship, military
forces) go with to keep safe from attack.
'convoy, n. Convoying; force or ships
convoying or convoyed. (kən'vɔi).

con'vulsion, n. Violent, uncontrolled
motions of muscles; violent political or
physical outburst. Cc., sp., disease
causing cc.; violent attack of laughing.
con'vulse, v.t. Make have convulsion(s).
con'vulsive, a. (As) of convulsion.
(kən'vʌlʃn).

'cony, n. [Old] RABBIT; RABBIT-skin as
material. ('kouni).

coo, v.i.&t., n. (Make) soft low sound (as)
of DOVES; (say in) soft or loving voice.
(ku:).

cook, 1. v.t.&i. Get (food) ready by heating;
undergo cooking. C. accounts, etc.,
make come out as desired by doing something
wrong. 2. n. Person whose work
is cooking. '-er, n. Gas etc. cooking-apparatus
with oven; apple etc. good for
cooking. '-ery, n. Art of cooking. '-ie,
[Am.] n. Small, flat, sweet cake. 'c.-shop,
n. Cheap restaurant. (kuk).

cool, 1. a. Somewhat cold, sp. pleasingly
so; unmoved, self-controlled; without
shame; (of behaviour) somewhat cold.
The c., c. place, time. 2. v.t.&i. Make,
become, c. '-er, n. Sp., vessel in which
water, butter etc. is kept cool. (ku:l).

'coolie, n. Indian or Chinese workman
or porter. ('ku:li).

coomb, n. Short deep hollow between
slopes, (ku:m).

coon, n. Am. black man; [Am.] RACOON.
(ku:n).

coop, 1. n. Small fowl-house. 2. v.t. Put
(fowl) in c. C. in, up, keep (person,
animal) shut up. (ku:p).

'cooper, n. Maker of BARRELS for beer
etc. ('ku:pə).

co-'operate, v.i. Be working together
(with) to get something done. co-'operative,
1. a. Sp., ready to co-operate. C.
society, group formed for producing,
marketing, goods for distribution among
themselves, ail getting part of profits.
2. n. C. society. (kou'ɔpəreit).

co-'opt, v.t. (Of committee etc.) take
(person) as one of its number. (kou'ɔpt).

co-'ordinate, 1. a. On the same level,
equally important. 2. n. C. thing; [Sc.]
any one of a system of distances used
for giving position of point, line, or
plane. 3. (kou'ɔ:dineit), v.t. Make c.; put,
be, in working harmony. Co-ordinating
conjunction, one joining words or word-groups
of same level, order. (kou'ɔ:dinit).

coot, n. Black water-bird with white band
on head. (ku:t).

cop, [Hum.] 1. v.t. Get, make prisoner. 2.
[Hum.] n. Policeman.
'-per, [Hum.]
n. Policeman. (kɔp).

cope, n. Long loose
over-dress used by
men of religion at
special times.
(koup).

cope, v.i. Only c. with,
(be able to) do (work
etc.), give attention
to, keep in order
(person).

'copeck, n. Russian
copper money
having value of 1/100 ROUBLE. ('koupek).

'coping, n. Top line of brickwork, gen.
sloping. ('koupiŋ).

'copious, a. Great in amount; saying
much. ('koupjəs).

'copper, 1. n. Common red-brown metal;
bit of Eng. money made of c. mixed
with tin; great boiler for cooking or
washing. 2. v.t. Put coat of c. on.
'c.-head, n. Am. poison snake. '-plate, n.
Polished copper plate from which writing
or pictures are printed; print from c.;
writing of copy-book sort. '-y, a. Sp.,
copper-coloured. ('kɔpə).

'copperas, n. Green SULPHATE of iron.
('kɔpərəs).

'coppice, n. Little woodland of small trees
and undergrowth. ('kɔpis).

'copra, n. COCONUT made dry, used in
soap-making etc. ('kɔprə).

copse, n. COPPICE. (kɔps).

'copula, n. "Be" and its parts used as sign
of connection; joining bone etc. in body.
'-te ('kɔpjuleit), v.i. Have sex connection.
'-tive, a. Sp., making a connection.
('kɔpjulə).

'copy, 1. n. Thing made to be like some
other thing; one example of a book, picture
etc. of which anumber have been
made; material for a book, newspaper.
Rough c., first form of a bit of writing. 2.
v.t.&i. Make c. of; do the same as, make
attempt to be like, (another); make c. of
another's work in test. 'c.-book, n.
Book with examples of handwriting for
copying. '-ist, n. One whose business is
copying writings; one whose work is only
a copy of that of others '-right, 1. n.
Right of controlling marketing of book,
picture etc. for certain time. 2. a. (Of
book etc.) for which someone has c. 3.
v.t. Get c. tor (book etc.). ('kɔpi).

co'quette, n. Woman playing with men's
feelings for amusement. co'quet(te), v.i.
Be acting as c. 'coquetry, n. (kɔ'ket).

'coracle, n. Small basketwork boat
covered with skin etc. ('kɔrəkl).

'coral, 1. n. Hard red or white substance
produced by small sea-animals and
forming islands, used for ornaments.
2. a. Sp., red like c. ('kɔrəl).

cord, 1. n. Line made of threads twisted
together; bit of c.; c.-like part in body;
cloth with c.-like lines; measure of cut
firewood. 2. v.t. Put c. round. '-age, n.
Cords, sp. of ships etc. (kɔ:d).

'cordial, 1. a. Warm in feeling, behaviour.
2. n. Drink having good effect on heart;
sweet fruit drink. ('kɔ:diəl).

'cordite, n. Substance used as gunpowder,
producing no smoke. ('kɔ:dait).

'cordon, n. Line or ring of police etc.;
cord or other such ornament as sign of
position. ('kɔ:dn).

'cordu'roy, n. Strong, thick, cotton cloth
with cord-like lines. Cc., sp., c. trousers.
('kɔ:dju'rɔi).

core, n. Middle part of fruit such as apple.
with seeds in it; hard middle part of
growths on body; middle part, heart, of
anything. (kɔ:).

co-res'pondent, n. One whose relations
with married person are given as cause
of DIVORCE. (kouris'pɔndənt).

Co'rinthian, a. Of the most highly ornamented
of the 3 sorts of Gk. building
design, using ACANTHUS. (kə'rinθiən).

cork, 1. n. Sponge-like light-brown substance
forming outer cover of certain
tree; bit of c., sp., as bottle-stopper.
2. v.t. Put c. in (bottle). '-age, n. Payment
made to hotel-keeper for opening
wine taken in from outside. '-ed, a. Sp.,
(of wine) tasting of cork. '-screw, n.
Instrument for pulling out corks. (kɔ:k).

'cormorant, n. Great sea-bird noted for
love of food. ('kɔ:mərənt).

corn, n. A seed of certain sorts of grain;
grain or its seeds, sp. WHEAT; [Am.]
MAIZE (Indian, sweet, c.). 'c.-chandler,
n. Trader in grain. 'c.-cob, n. Hard
middle part of head of MAIZE; pipe made
from this. '-crake, n. Bird with loud
hard cry, living in corn-fields. 'c.-flour,
'-starch, nn. Powdered MAIZE or rice.
'-flower, n. Common blue flower.
'-meal, n. MAIZE meal. '-pone, [Am.] n.
MAIZE bread. (kɔ:n).

corn, n. Small growth on foot with hard
root and middle.

corn, v.t. Put salt on (beef) to keep it good.

'cornea, n. Clear substance covering
eyeball. ('kɔ:niə).

cor'nelian, n. Clear red-brown stone used
as jewel. (kɔ:'ni:ljən).

'corner, 1. n. Space between angle made
by meeting of 2 walls or sides; angle,
sp. one formed by 2 meeting streets.
A c. in, control by one group of all of one
sort of (goods) for market; turn the c., sp.,
get past danger-point in disease etc. 2.
v.t. Get (person etc.) into c. or other
position from which there is no way out;
make a c. in (goods). '-ed, a. Sp., forced
into a comer etc. 'c.-stone, n. Sp.,
necessary part or base. ('kɔ:nə).

'cornet, n. TRUMPET-like brass instrument
of music with twisted pipe; small bag made
by rolling paper;
[Hist.] military
horseman in
low position
of authority.
('kɔ:nit).

'cornice, n. Shelf-like
structure
coming out from
top part of wall.
('kɔ:nis).

comu'copia, n. Goat's horn pictured full
of fruit and flowers as representative of
produce of earth; vessel in form of such
horn. (kɔ:nju'koupiə).

co'rolla, n. Ring of coloured leaves forming
flower. (kə'rɔlə).

co'rollary, n. Statement seen without
argument to be true if another is true; the
natural outcome of something. (kə'rɔləri).

co'rona, n. HALO of sun or moon.
(kə'rounə).

coro'nation, n. Public putting of CROWN
on head of new ruler. (kɔrə'neiʃn).

'coroner, n. Law authority going into
details of death not caused naturally.
('kɔrənə).

'coronet, n. PEER'S small CROWN; design
in form of c. ('korənit).

'corporal, n. Military man in position two
steps higher than PRIVATE. ('kɔ:pərəl).

'corporal, a. Of person's body. C. punishment,
whipping etc.

corpo'ration, n. Body of persons, business
company, looked on as one person in
law; town government; [Hum.] fat
stomach. 'corporate, a. United, as a
body. (kɔ:pə'reiʃn).

cor'poreal, a. Of the animal body;
material. (kɔ:'pɔ:riəl).

corps (corps), n. Special body of persons,
sp. military; greatest division of an
army. (kɔ: (kɔ:z)).

corpse, n. Dead body. (kɔ:ps).

'corpulent, a. Fat-bodied. ('kɔ:pjulənt).

'corpus, n. Body of writings. ('kɔ:pəs).

'corpuscle, n. Very small body forming
part of another living unit, sp. red
or white c. of blood. cor'puscular
(kɔ:'pʌskjulə), a. (In form) of corpuscles.
('kɔ:pʌsl).

cor'ral, [Am.] 1. n. Railed-in place for
horses, cows. 2. v.t. Put in c. (kɔ'ra:l).

cor'rect, 1. a. True; without errors; (of
dress, behaviour, etc.) right. 2. v.t. Put
right (error); make free from errors; be
pointing out error to (one making it);
give punishment to. '-itude, n. Right
behaviour. '-ive, n., a. (Anything) which
corrects. (kə'rekt).

'correlate, 1. n. One or other of two ideas,
words, having a relation such that the
one is not possible witliout the other. 2.
v.i.&t. Be cc.; make clear relation(s)
between; give ordered connection to
(parts etc.). cor'relative, a., n. Correlated
(thing). ('kɔrileit).

corres'pond, v.i. Be like in some way,
parallel (to); make an exchange of
letters (with). '-ence, n. Sp., letter-writing,
letters. '-ent, n. Person corresponding
with another; person regularly
sending news from special field or place
for newspaper. (kɔris'pɔnd).

'corridor, n. Long narrow way inside
building, with door(s) opening into
room(s). C. train, train with carriages
opening off c. ('kɔridɔ:).

corroborate, v.t. Give support to (statement,
its maker). (kə'rɔbəreit).

cor'rode, v.t.&i. Make slow destruction
of (substance) starting from outside (as
by effect of acid etc.); undergo this. cor'rosion,
n. cor'rosive, a., n. (kə'roud).

'corrugate, v.t. Get (iron, paper) bent
into narrow, parallel waves; get (anything)
into like form. ('kɔrugeit).

cor'rupt, 1. a. (Of persons) bad; taking
money for wrong purposes; (of copies of
old writings) having errors or changes.
2. v.t. Make c. '-ion, n. Sp., wrong or
changed form (of word etc.); (of bodies
etc.) condition of having gone bad.
(kə'rʌpt).

'corsage, n. Top part of woman's dress.
('kɔ:sa:ʒ).

'corsair, n. Sea outlaw. ('kɔ:seə).

'corset, n. Woman's stiff, gen. boned,
support put round body under dress to
give good line. ('kɔ:sit).

'cors(e)let, n. Military body-cover of
early times. ('kɔ:slit).

cor'tège, [F.] n. Train of persons, sp.
going about with some important person.
(kɔ:'teiʒ).

'cortex, [Sc.] n. Outer cover of tree
etc.; outer grey substance of brain.
'cortical, a. ('kɔ:teks).

'coruscate, v.i. Give out bright points of
light. ('kɔrəskeit).

corvée, n. System of forced work
without payment. ('kɔ:vei).

cos'metic, n. Substance for making skin,
hair, more beautiful. (kɔz'metik).

cosmo'politan, 1. a. Of, from, different
parts of the earth; having wide outlook
from experience of different countries.
2. n. C. person. (kɔzmə'pɔlitn).

'cosmos, n. All space and existence as ordered
system. 'cosmic, a. cos'mology,
n. Theories about cosmos. ('kɔzmɔs).

'Cossack, n. One of Turkish group in
Russia noted as expert military horsemen.
('kɔsak).

'cosset, v.t. Give specially loving care to.
('kɔsit).

cost, 1. v.t. Have as price; give idea of
price of producing (soods). 2. n. Price
(to be) given for a thing. Cc., [Law] c.
of taking cause to COURT; at all cc.,
however much trouble etc. it takes; c.
price, price giving no profit. C. (person)
10 shilling's etc., have 10 shillings etc.
given for it by. '-ly, a. High-priced, of
great value. (kɔst).

'coster(monger), n. Street trader in
fruit, fish etc. ('kɔstə(mʌŋgə)).

'costive, a. CONSTIPATED. ('kɔstiv).

'costume, n. Way of dressing; (special)
dress; woman's coat and skirt. cos'tum(i)er,
n. Trader in, maker of,
costumes, sp. women's. ('kɔstju:m).

'cosy, 1. a. Having warm comfort. 2. n.
Cover for keeping tea-pot warm. ('kouzi).

cot, n. Small bed, sp. for baby. (kɔt).

'coterie, n. Circle of friends, sp. with
common interests. ('koutəri).

co'till(i)on, n. Sorts of dance. (kə'tiljən).

'cottage, n. Small house, sp. in country.
C. loaf, bread in form of round mass
with smaller mass on top of it. '-r, n.
Working person living in cottage.
'cottar, [Scot.] n. Cottager. ('kɔtidʒ).

'cotton, 1. n. Plant produced in
warm countries; white soft cover of c.
seeds, used for making thread, cloth;
c. thread; c. cloth. C. wool, natural c. as
used for medical
purposes. 2. v.i.
Only c. to, be
pleased with
(person, idea).
('kɔtn).

coty'ledon, [Sc.]
n. First leaf, one of first
leaves, put out by seed, gen. storing food
for young plant. (kɔti'li:dn).

couch, 1. n. Bed; anything for sleeping on;
long bed-like seat. 2. v.i.&t. Be resting
outstretched; (of animals) be in couching
position ready for attack; get (SPEAR
etc.) into position for attack; put
(thought) in words. (kautʃ).

couch(-grass), n. Grass with long roots
going over earth. (kautʃ(gra:s)).

'cougar, n. Great Am. cat-like animal.
('ku:ga:).

cough, 1. v.i. Send air out of windpipe
suddenly and with noise. 2. n. Act of
coughing; condition, sp. cold on chest,
causing tendency to c. (kɔf).

could. See CAN.

'council, n. Body of persons whose business
it is to give opinion, make suggestions,
sp. in government; meeting (as)
of c. C. of war, meeting of persons in
authority at time of war or other special
danger. ('kaunsl).

'counsel, 1. n. Opinion, suggestion, requested
or given; man (or men) of law
counselling side in law cause. Keep one's
own (another's) c., keep views, purposes,
secret; King's C., highest sort of BARRISTER;
take c. (with, together), have
discussion to get c. 2. v.t. Give c. to.
('kaunsl).

count, 1. v.i.&t. Say the numbers in
order to any point; see (number of) by
counting; take, be taken, into account
in counting points etc.; be looking on
as (of certain sort etc.); (in play)
have value of (certain number of
points). Be counted out, (in BOXING)
not get up in 10 seconds after being
sent down by blow; c. on, be basing
hopes, designs, on (thing, person) as
certain. 2. n. A counting; number got
by counting; one point in statement
against a person. '-er, n. Small flat bit
of metal etc. used for recording points
in card-play etc. '-ing-house, n. Place
for book-keeping, office. '-less, a. Very
great in number. (kaunt).

count, n. NOBLE of certain countries.
'-ess, n. Female EARL; woman married
to EARL or count.

'countenance, 1. n. Face, sp. as having
certain look; support, approval. Keep
one's c., keep face. from giving signs of
feeling, sp. amusement; put out of c.,
make shamed. 2. v.t. Give approval,
support, to. ('kauntinəns).

'counter, n. Long table in store or bank
at which business is done; see COUNT.
'-jumper, n. Man working in store.
('kauntə).

'counter, 1. a., adv. Opposite in direction,
tendency. 2. v.t.&i. Make c. statement,
c. move, in answer to; give blow in exchange
for blow. counter-, 1. Counter
(c.-attraction, c.-clockwise); 2. made
against in answer to ('c.-attack, 'c.-charge,
'c.-claim).

counte'ract, v.t. Make of no or less effect
by acting against. (kauntə'rakt).

counter'balance, 1. n. Weight, force,
balancing another. 2. v.t. Be acting as
c. to. (kauntə'baləns).

'counterblast, n. Strong outburst against
(something), sp. answering another.
('kauntəbla:st).

'counterfeit, n., a. (Copy) designed to be
taken for true thing, false. 2. v.t. Make c.
of, sp., money; be very like. ('kauntəfit).

'counterfoil, n. Part of cheque, receipt
etc., kept as record. ('kauntəfɔil).

counter-'irritant, n. Thing used to
overcome disease by causing skin
IRRITATION. (kauntə'iritənt).

counter'mand, v.t. Give order taking
back (order). (kauntə'ma:nd).

'counterpane, n. Top bed-cover.
('kauntəpein).

'counterpart, n. Thing like another in
every detail; thing balancing another,
going with it as opposite. ('kauntəpa:t).

'counterpoint, n. MELODY coming in as
addition to chief MELODY; the art of
writing music having c. ('kauntəpɔint).

'counterpoise, 1. n. COUNTERBALANCE;
condition of balance. 2. v.t. Be acting
as c. to; put in c. ('kauntəpɔiz).

'countersign, 1. n. Word to be given,
when requested, to military watch, as
sign that one is a friend. 2. v.t. Put one's
name after that of another on (writing)
to give it authority. ('kauntəsain).

'countersink, v.t. Make (screw-hole) great
enough to take head of screw;
make such hole for (screw). ('kauntəsiŋk).

'country, n. Open land, as opp. town;
stretch of land; (land of) a nation.
'countrified, a. Like, as of, the country.
'-man, n. Man of the country, not of
the town; one of the same nation as
another. -'side, n. (Stretch of) country
as opp. town. ('kʌntri).

'county, n. Division in Britain forming
chief unit for government purposes; like
divisions in U.S.A. etc. The c., the old
families forming high society of a c.
('kaunti).

coup, n. Sudden move, act, to get power,
etc. (ku:).

'coupé, n. 2-seated shut-in automobile or
carriage; railway-carriage with seats on
one side only. ('ku:pei).

'couple, 1. n. Two; 2 persons married
to one another. 2. v.t.&i. Get, become,
grouped in twos; put together (with).
'-t ('kʌplit), n. 2 verse-lines forming unit.
'coupling, n. Sp., part joining railway-carriages
or machine parts. ('kʌpl).

'coupon, n. Ticket, freq. free, which may
be exchanged for something or which
gives right to take part in competition
etc.; c. for interest on BOND. ('ku:pɔn).

'courage, n. Power of controlling fear in
face of danger, putting up with pain,
etc. Dutch c., false c. given by alcohol.
cou'rageous (kə'reidʒəs), a. ('kʌridʒ).

'courier, n. One sent to take news quickly
in old times; one sent with letters by
government; one looking after details
of journey for payment. ('kuriə).

'course, 1. n. Direction taken; development,
order, of events; line of behaviour;
place for running competitions; group of
talks, steps in training; one of divisions
of a meal; line of brickwork etc. round
face of building. As a matter of c., as a
natural thing; in c. of, in process of;
in due c., when the right time comes;
of c., certainly, naturally. 2. v.t.&i.
Go after (HARES) with dogs; be running,
go quickly. '-r, [Let.] n. Quick horse.
(kɔ:s).

court, 1. n. Space shut in by walls or
buildings; houses round c.; place marked
out for certain sports; ruler and those in
his circle; great RECEPTION given by
ruler: body with power of hearing law
causes; place for hearing law causes; acts
of attention, love-making (pay c. to). C.
martial, c. for judging military crimes.
2. v.t. Make love to; make attempts to
get (approval etc.). 'c.-card, n. Picture-card
of the 52 playing-cards. '-eous
('kə:tiəs), a. Kind, polished, in behaviour.
'-esy ('kə:tisi), n. Courteous behaviour.
'-ier, n. One of a ruler's circle. '-ly, a.
Like a courtier in behaviour. '-ship, n.
(Time of) making love. '-yard, n. Open
court. (kɔ:t).

courte'san, courte'zan, n. Woman kept
by lovers of high position. (kɔ:ti'zan).

'cousin, n. Son or daughter of one's
father's or mother's brother or sister.
Second c., son or daughter of mother's
or father's c. ('kʌzn).

cove, n. Small sea inlet. (kouv).

cove, [Hum.] n. Man.

'covenant, v.i.&t., n. (Make) serious
agreement (to, that). 'Covenanter, n.
Supporter of Scot. Covenant of 1638 or
1643. ('kʌvənənt).

'Coventry, n. Only send to C., etc., have
nothing to do with, as punishment.
('kɔvəntri).

'cover, 1. v.t. Be, put, completely over,
or over top of; keep from view by
covering in some way; (of money) be
enough for (something); take in, have
as part; get over (a distance); have gun
pointed at; be, make, insurance against.
2. n. Thing covering, sp., top; outside
of book; place where one may get away
from bad weather, gunfire, etc.; place
for one person at meal table. Take c.,
get into c. from danger etc.; under c. of,
sp., while seeming (to do, be, etc. some
other thing). '-let, n. Top bed-cover. '-t,
1. a. (Of look, act) not open, secret. 2. n.
Wood or undergrowth making cover for
birds, etc. ('kʌvə).

'covet, v.t. Have desire for (sp. thing
another has). '-ous, a. Coveting.
('kʌvit).

'covey, n. Family of PARTRIDGES. ('kʌvi).

cow, n. Female horned animal kept for its
milk; female of some other great
animals. 'c.-boy, 'c.-puncher, nn.
Man watching over cows on Am. grassland.
'c.-catcher, n. Structure on front
of railway engine for pushing things off
line. 'c.-herd, n. One looking after cows.
'c.-hide, n. (Whip of) cow's leather. (kau).

cow, v.t. Keep down, crushed, by fear.

'coward, n. Person given to fear, running
from danger. '-ice, n. Behaviour,
feeling, of a coward. ('kauəd).

'cower, v.i. Have body bent with fear,
shame, or cold. ('kauə).

cowl, n. MONK'S long loose dress with
head-cover; head-cover of this; metal
cover for smoke outlet. (kaul).

'cowrie, n. Small SHELL used as money in
parts of Africa and Asia. ('kauri).

'cowslip, n. Yellow field-flower. ('kauslip).

'coxcomb, n. Man putting on airs about
his dress. ('kɔkskoum).

'cox(swain), n. Person controlling guiding-apparatus
of boat. ('kɔks(n)).

coy, a. With air of fearing attention, sp.
love-making. (kɔi).

coy'ote, n. N. Am. WOLF. (kɔi'outi).

'cozen, [Old] v.t. Get tricked (out of, into
doing). ('kʌzn).

crab, n. Water-animal
with hard
outer cover and 10
legs, noted for
walking sideways;
its meat as food.
(krab).

crab, v.t. Make much of bad points of.
'-bed ('krabid), a. Bad-humoured,
sharp; (of handwriting) badly formed,
hard to make out. '-by, a.
Bad-humoured.

'crab-apple, n. (Small, acid fruit of)
apple-tree of fields and woods.
('krab-apl).

crack, 1. n. Sudden sharp noise (of whip,
gun, etc.); sounding blow; line of division
where something is broken, separating;
narrow opening. 2. v.i.&t. (Of
whip, gun, etc.) make a c.; make (whip,
etc.) c.; make, get, c(c). in; (of voice)
undergo change(s) in sound like cracked
bell. C. a joke, make one; c. up,
[Com.] say words of warm approval about;
become ill (sp. from overwork). 3. a.
Expert, first-rate. '-ed, 'c.-brained, aa.
Foolish, off one's head. '-er, n. Sort of
firework; roll of coloured paper, to be
pulled by two persons for amusement,
going off with crack; [Am.] BISCUIT,
sp. not sweet. '-le, v.i., n. (Make) small
cracking sounds. '-ling, n. Sp., hard
skin of cooked pig's meat. (krak).

'cradle, 1. n. Young baby's bed; c.-like
framework, sp. one used in building
ship. 2. v.t. Keep as in a c. ('kreidl).

craft, n. False behaviour, art in tricking;
branch of handwork; boat(s), ship(s).
'-sman, n. One working at a craft.
'-smanship, n. Art of a craftsman.
'-y, a. Full of craft, not straightforward.
(kra:ft).

crag, n. High sharp-pointed mass of
stone. (krag).

cram, v.t.&i. Make over-full; (make) get
much knowledge in short time for test;
get (thing) forced (into etc.). '-mer, n.
Sp., one who crams learners by special
teaching. (kram).

cramp, 1. n. Tight condition of muscles in
stomach etc., causing pain. 2. v.t. Keep
in small space, not give enough room
for. '-ed, a. (Of space) cramping; (of
handwriting) small and tight. '-ons, n.
pl. Plates with sharp points, fixed to
boots for use on ice. (kramp).

'cranberry, n. Low tree-like plant; its
acid red berry. ('kranbəri).

crane, n. Water-bird with long legs and
neck; machine for lifting great weights.
2. v.t.&i. Be stretching (one's neck)
to see better. (krein).

'cranium, n. Bones of top and back of
head. ('kreiniam).

crank, n. Person with strange ways, ideas,
sp., on some special point. '-y, a. Sp.,
(of structure) badly balanced, loose;
[Am.] bad-humoured. (kraŋk).

crank, 1. n. Part of
machine bent twice
at right angles, used
for turning another
part. 2. v.t. Get
started by turning
c.-handle. 'c.-handle,
n. One for
turning automobile
crank.

'cranny, n. Small hole, crack. ('krani).

crape, n. Black silk or cotton material with
crushed look, put on clothing after death
in family. (kreip).

'crapulous, a. Giving signs of overmuch
food, drink, pleasure. ('krapjuləs).

crash, 1. n. (Noise of) violent fall or blow;
sudden downfall (of government, business).
2. v.i. Have, make, a c.; give
crashing blow to. C. into, c. against.
3. adv. With a c. (kraʃ).

crash, n. Sort of rough linen.

crass, a. Without delicate reactions, slow;
(of bad quality etc.) great. (kras).

crate, n. Great open-work box or basket
for transporting goods. (kreit).

'crater, n. VOLCANO mouth; basin-like
hollow. ('kreitə).

cra'vat, n. Material put round neck and
knotted in front. (krə'vat).

crave, v.i.&t. Have strong desire for;
make strong request for. 'craving, n.
Sp., strong desire. (kreiv).

'craven, n., a. (Person or animal) readily
giving way to fear. ('kreivən).

crawl, 1. v.i. Go forward slowly on hands
and knees, or with body on ornear
earth; go very slowly; be full of crawling
insects. 2. n. Crawling motion. The c.,
special quick way of swimming. '-er, n.
Sp., crawling insect. (krɔd).

'crayfish, 'crawfish, n. Small LOBSTER-
like river-animal. ('kreifiʃ, 'krɔ:fiʃ).

'crayon, n. Stick or pencil of coloured
chalk etc. ('kreiən).

'crazy, a. (Of structures) loose, shaking,
full of cracks; off one's head; (of act
etc.) very foolish. C. pavement (quilt),
one made of bits of stone (material) of
different forms and sizes. craze, 1. v.t.
Make (mind, person) crazy. 2. n. Something
taken up with great interest, or by
everyone for short time. ('kreizi).

creak, n., v.i. (Make) sound like that made
by unoiled door, stiff leather. (kri:k).

cream, 1. n. Thick part of milk which
comes to top; c.-like liquid, paste, or
sweet; the best part of anything; c.
colour. Cold c., sp.. c. for skin. 2. v.t.&i.
Make, become, c.-like by whipping. '-ery,
n. Sp., store for cream, milk, etc. (kri:m).

crease, 1. n. Line made by folding; line
marking position of player before
WICKET. 2. v.t.&i. Make, get, c(c). in.
(kri:s).

cre'ate, v.t. Make come into existence;
make (sp. new sort of thing). cre'ation,
n. Sp., everything looked on as work
of the Creator; work of art in dress,
food, etc. cre'ative, a. Sp., full of ideas
for creating. cre'ator, n. Sp., the C.,
GOD. (kri:'eit).

'creature, n. Living being, freq. animal as
opp. man; person; person who is instrument
of another. C. comforts, physical
comforts. ('kri:tʃə).

creche, n. Place where babies are cared
for while mothers are at work. (kreiʃ).

'credence, n. (Feeling of) belief. ('kri:dns).

cre'dential(s), n. Letter(s) making clear
who person is, his right to position, etc.
(kri'denʃəl(z)).

'credible, a. To which it is possible to give
belief. ('kredibl).

'credit, 1. n. CREDENCE; good name, approval;
thing, person, for which one
gets approval; amount in one's account
at bank; belief of others in one's power
to make payment of debts; right to get
goods without making payment till
later (get goods on c.); (in book-keeping)
record of money given out on opp. page
etc. from record of money taken in. Do c.
to, be such as to get approval for. 2. v.t.
Give belief to (story etc.); put on c. side
of account. C. person with, sp., have
belief that person has (some quality).
'-able, a. With a right to approval. '-or,
n. Person to whom one is in debt. ('kredit).

'credo, n. (System of) beliefs, opinions.
('kri:dou).

'credulous, a. Over-ready with belief.
cre'dulity (kri'dju:liti), n. ('kredjulas).

creed, n. CREDO; short statement of c.,
made in Christian church (C.). (kri:d).

creek, n. Narrow inlet of sea or river;
[Am.] small river. (kri:k).

creel, n. Fishing-basket. (kri:l).

creep (crept), 1. v.i. Go from place to
place with body near to earth, floor; (of
plants) go over earth, up walls etc.; go
quietly, secretly, go very slowly. Flesh
creeps, has feeling as if things were
creeping on it, through fear etc. 2. n.
The cc., feeling of flesh creeping. '-er,
n. Sp., creeping plant. '-y, a. Feeling or
causing the creeps. (kri:p (krept)).

cre'mate, v.t. Get (dead body) burned
by special process. crema'torium
(kremə'tɔriəm), n. Place for cremation.
(kri'meit).

'crenellated, a. Having wall round roof,
with spaces for firing through.
('krenəleitid).

'Creole, n. Person of W. Indian birth or
blood. ('kri:oul).

'creosote, n. Oil-like liquid got from wood-TAR.
('kriəsout).

crêpe, n. CRAPE-like material in colours
other than black; CRAPE. C. de Chine,
delicate silk material. (kreip).

'crepitate, v.i. Make cracking sound.
('krepiteit).

crept. See CREEP.

cre puscular, a. Of the half-light at nightfall
or before the sun gets up.
(kri'pʌskjulə).

cre'scendo, n., adv., a. (Music played,
sound becoming) louder by degrees.
(kri'ʃendou).

'crescent, 1. n. Moon in first or last stage;
curve of this form; houses forming c. 2.
a. (Of moon) increasing. ('kresnt).

cress, n. Sorts of plant with small strong-tasting
leaves. (kres).

crest, n. Growth of feathers etc. on top
of bird's, animal's, head; c.-like top
of military head-dress; top of slope;
white top of wave; design forming part
of COAT OF ARMS, freq. used on note-paper,
etc. '-fallen, a. Crushed, shamed,
by attempt coming to nothing. (krest).

'cretin, n. Feeble-minded person with
badly formed body. ('kretin).

'cretonne, n. Cotton cloth printed in
colours, used for curtains, etc. ('kretɔn).

cre'vasse, n. Deep open crack in ice on
mountain. (kri'vas).

'crevice, n. Narrow opening, crack.
('krevis).

crew, n. The sailors of a ship. (kru:).

'crewel-work, n. Design worked in thin
wool on cloth. ('kru:ilwə:k).

crib, 1. n. Frame from which animals may
take dry grass etc.; baby's bed with
railed sides. 2. v.t. Keep shut up in a
small space. (krib).

crib, 1. n. Statement, idea etc., copied
from another without giving credit;
key to book in another language, sp.,
as wrongly used by schoolboys. 2. v.t.&i.
Take (idea etc.) as c.; make use of c.

'cribbage, n. Form of card-play in which
points are marked on board with holes
in it. ('kribidʒ).

crick, n. Stiff or twisted condition of neck
or back. (krik).

'cricket, n. Jumping insect making sharp
high sound.
('krikit).

'cricket, n.
Open-air
amusement
with ball,
BAT, and
WICKETS.
Not c.,
[Com.] not
straight or upright (of behaviour).

cried. See CRY.

crime, n. Act(s) for which there is
serious punishment by law; very wrong
act. 'criminal ('kriminəl), 1. a. Of
crime; having done a crime. 2. n. C.
person. crimi'nology, n. Science of
crime. (kraim).

crimp, v.t. Put small folds or waves in
(material, hair). (krimp).

crimp, n. Person getting men for army,
ship, by force or trick.

'crimson, a., n. Deep red (colour).
('krimzən).

cringe, v.i. Have body bent with fear;
give signs of having overmuch fear of,
respect for, another, sp. in higher
position. (krindʒ).

'crinkle, 1. n. Narrow wave, fold, in
material. 2. v.t.&i. Make, get, c(c).
in. ('kriŋkl).

'crinoline, n. Underskirt or framework
for pushing out skirt. ('krinəli:n).

'cripple, 1. n. Person without normal use
of part of body, sp. legs. 2. v.t. Make a
c.; do serious damage to. ('kripl).

'crisis (crises), n. Turning-point in disease
etc.; time of great danger, when future
is in doubt. ('kraisis('kraisi:z)).

crisp, 1. a. Hard but readily broken (sp.
of food); (of air) cold and healthy; (of
hair) in small tight waves. 2. v.t.&i.
Make, become, c. (krisp).

'criss-cross, v.i., a., adv. (Of lines etc.) (go)
across one another. ('kriskrɔs).

cri'terion, n. Example, rule, for judging or
testing by, measure of value. (krai'tiəriən).

'critic, n. Person judging, sp. work of art
(as expert); person pointing out errors.
'-al, a. Sp., not readily giving approval;
full of danger, serious. '-ism ('kritisizm),
n. Work of a critic; view(s) put forward
by critic. '-ize, v.t.&i. Give criticism
of, sp. against. cri'tique (kri'ti:k), n. A
criticism in writing. ('kritik).

croak, 1. n. Deep rough sound (as) of
FROG. 2. v.i.&t. Give a c.; say croak-ingly;
put forward dark fears about
future. '-er, n. Sp., person given to
croaking about future. (krouk).

'crochet, 1. n. Network of thread, wool,
made with hooked needle. 2. v.i.&t.
Do c.; make by c. ('krouʃi).